New York AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 669 
found on unsprayed trees they were clearly superior in average 
size and appearance to the specimens of the best sprayed Seckels, 
but the very great increase in the amount of marketable fruit of 
sprayed as compared with unsprayed trees clearly demonstrated 
the very great value of the treatment even in an unfavorable 
season, and this notwithstanding the fact that the fruit was injured 
to some extent by the spray. 
The injury from the spray first attracted attention the last of 
May, when the fruit was little larger than peas. It had then been 
raining every dav for nearly two weeks, and it continued to rain 
for more than a week longer. As before stated, it rained every 
day for a period of 21 days from May 16 to June 5, and 
the weather was unusually cloudy and cool for this period of the 
year. Before the close of the extremely long period of rainy 
weather both the foliage and the fruit of many trees that had been 
sprayed were spotted quite badly. The spots varied from the size 
of a pin point to a sixteenth of an inch or more in diameter, but 
frequently were clustered together or coalesced so as to form com- 
paratively largeareas on the surface of the fruit. The appearance 
of the spots at first was that of dark discolorations or pimples on 
the surface affecting only the superficial layers of the epidermis. 
These spots or pimples could easily be scraped off with the finger . 
nail, leaving a portion of the green skin of the fruit beneath. 
Microscopic examination of the fruit showed that the injury 
usually extended to a depth of four or five cells from the surface. 
This was afterward followed by a corky scar. In this they 
differed from the scab spot which affected the tissue to a greater 
depth. 
On trees where injury to foliage and fruit was observed not all 
surfaces hit by the spray showed injury, fora great deal of foliage 
and fruit was found uninjured although heavily covered with the 
Bordeaux mixture. The trouble was more noticeable on the 
fruit than on the leaves. Some varieties were injured quite 
seriously, while others were hurt but slightly or not at all, great 
differences being observed between the varieties in this respect. 
At first it was thought that the injury might be due to the 
Paris green or London purple used as an insecticide in combina- 
tion with the Bordeaux mixture, but this position soon proved 
untenable, for Mr. Smith used nothing but Bordeaux mixture in 
