702 Report oF THE HoRTICULTURIST OF THE 
for the application of Bordeaux mixture, nothing has yet been 
found that equals the Vermorel. Various forms of this nozzle 
are on the market, some of which have no joint between the 
nozzle chamber and the elbow. Occasionally some obstruction 
lodges between the elbow and the nozzle chamber, and, therefore, 
it is better to select those forms of the Vermorel which have a 
joint at this place, sothat the part containing the nozzle cham- 
ber may be easily separated from the rest of the nozzle and any 
obstruction removed. 
There is great difference in the sprays thrown by Vermorels of 
different patterns. The size of the orifice, the form of the bevel 
around it, and whetker it is cut on the inside or outside of the 
cap, seems to have a great influence on the character of the spray. 
Nozzles that give the widest spread to the spray as soon as it 
leaves the orifice, throw the finest spray, and are preferable for 
most kinds of work. Occasionally Vermorels will be found that 
are not satisfactory. A change of caps will often improve them, 
and they should not be thrown aside as worthless until this has 
been tried. These nozzles are not patented, so may be manufac- 
tured by any one. The style illustrated in Plate VI has given 
the best satisfaction at this Station. 
The Vermorel nozzle is capable of giving an exceedingly fine 
spray, which is most desirable, but it can throw the spray but a 
few feet beyond the nozzle. Its best work is probably done at a 
distance of from two to four feet from the nozzle’s orifice. Some 
manufacturers have endeavored to make a Vermorel that would 
throw the spray to a greater distance; in this they have been 
only partially successful, and always at the expense of the fine- 
ness of the spray. It is readily seen that in treating very large 
trees this nozzle must in some way be lifted into the branches. 
To meet this want the “ bamboo extension” was devised. 
Bamsoo EXTENSION. 
The bamboo extension has been in use for several years in 
spraying orchards. It consists of a three-eighths inch brass tube 
inside of a bamboo pole. To the lower end is attached a coupling 
by means of which it is joined to the discharge hose of the pump. 
A stop-cock at this end permits the operator to shut off the spray 
