Nuw York AcricurturAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 421 
being the most active during the hottest sunshine and quiet in 
the early evening. * * * The female lays her eggs morning 
and afternoon, mostly on the stalk of the plant just below the 
ground. She extends her abdomen into the crack of the ground 
about the stem of the plant, and most of the eggs that I have 
seen were from one-fourth to half an inch below the surface. 
Often, however, they were observed a foot above the ground and 
in a few instances were observed upon the petioles of the leaves.” 
Later observers have noticed that in case of old plants the eggs 
are laid on almost any part. The moths remain about for some 
time, continuing to lay eggs, and have been found in the vicinity 
of Jamaica as late as September 1. 
The eggs are easily recognized. They are oval and of a dull 
red color. In about 10 or 15 days they hatch, and the young 
larve burrow almost, immediately into the stem or roots as the 
case may be. A single vine may harbor a number of larva, as 
high as 142 having been reported as found in one vine. They do 
not devour the tissue as much as would be at first supposed, but 
live within the plant in a mass of decay and excrement. 
In about four weeks the larve are full grown. The latter part 
of July* or first of August they begin leaving the vines to bury 
themselves in the ground, usually about three inches below the 
surface, where they spin tough silken cocoons, sometimes inter- 
woven with bits of the vine. In appearance the cocoons resemble 
oblong chunks of dirt. In this condition the larvae remain 
over winter, but do not usually change into the pupat state 
until a short time before emerging in the spring. The pupa 
cuts its way out of its’ prison by means of a chisel-like process 
on its head, and wiggles to the surface of the ground during the 
night, emerging in the morning as a mature moth. 
Remedies. 
As the larve live within the vines, except for a short time 
immediately after coming from the egg, the application of insec- 
ticides, however efficient in other cases, would be of little or no 
value here. 

* One half-grown larva was found October 10 in a field near Jamaica. It had not teft the 
vine. Other instances of finding them in the vines late in the fall are numerous. 
+See note, p. 720. By cutting through the tissue connecting the top and root of the plant 
they interfere with the growth of the vine, frequently causing it to suddenly wilt and die, as 
stated on a previous pagé. 91 
