New YorK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 227 
“My fruit was badly russeted the past season but was not seriously 
injured as to size or shape. The foliage was badly injured and much of it 
turned yellow and dropped during the summer. In past seasons I have. 
had some yellow leaves and some foliage drop but no trouble in comparison 
with that of 1905. I use 5 pounds of copper sulphate to 50 gallons of water 
with lime much in excess as determined by the ferrocyanide test. In part 
of the orchard I have used green arsenoid and in part, paris green. It 
seems to me that spraying followed by a heavy rain greatly increases the 
injury. The varieties most susceptible are Greening, Hubbardston, Twenty 
Ounce and Baldwin.”— C. K. Scoon, Geneva. 
“Nearly every leaf on my trees the past season was burned. , The trouble 
showed as small, brown dead spots, some of which were as large as a kernel 
of wheat, others larger. There were from 5 to 20 of these dead spots on 
many leaves. I have had similar trouble in the past but at no time has it 
been nearly so serious as in 1905. For a 250-gallon tank of water I use 17 
pounds of copper sulphate and 25 pounds of lime. To this I add about 1% 
pounds of white arsenic cut with concentrated lye. In my opinion this 
injury is greatest when one sprays most thoroughly and especially if at 
short range and with steam power. There is more russeting on Twenty 
Ounce than on any other variety in my orchard. There was considerable 
injury on Greenings. When I began to spray seven or eight years ago, I 
used 25 pounds of copper sulphate to 30 pounds of lime and 1% pounds 
paris green to 250 gallons of water. I now use but 17 pounds of the 
copper sulphate, having lessened the amount from year to year. I still use a 
considerable excess of lime. I have had the spray injury perhaps one-half 
of the years but at no time as bad as the season of 1905.’— IsAAc W. STEB- 
BINS, Albion. 
“In the season just passed, the foliage of. our apples was badly spotted 
and burned and a good many leaves dropped. The fruit was russeted some 
and a very few were malformed and the size of some was reduced.. I have 
had similar trouble before in wet seasons but never so serious as in 1905. 
I have never had any such injury in a dry season. I use Io pounds of 
copper sulphate, 40 pounds of lime and 8 pounds of arsenate of lead to 200 
gallons of water. In part of the orchard I used the arsenite of soda. The 
trees were spotted about the same as in the part in which I used arsenate 
of lead. I believe the trouble comes from the copper sulphate. I sprayed 
immediately after the blossoms fell, in damp, wet weather. The foliage 
scarcely dried day and night for a week. Some neighbors who waited a week 
later when the wet weather had passed did not have the spray injury even 
though they used a stronger bordeaux than did I. Wet, damp, cloudy 
weather gives favoring conditions for the injury. Three years ago an excess 
of lime seemed to prevent the injury but it did not this year. Baldwin 
foliage was hurt most. Twenty Ounce fruit showed most russeting. Northern 
Spys were not injured on leaf or fruit.’— Dretos TENny, Hilton. 
Mr. Tenny’s experience clearly shows that weak bordeaux mix- 
ture will injure fruit and foliage under unfavorable conditions. 
