New York AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 309 
_ Before the experiment was begun, in 1893, the orchard had 
been in grass for several years. During the winter of 1892-3, 
it was given a liberal application of barnyard manure, which 
was plowed under the following spring. Throughout the ex- 
periment the orchard has been given clean cultivation until 
about August Ist, and then seeded to a cover crop of oats, barley 
or clover. ' | 
The trees— The experimental plats contain 241 bearing trees, 
142 of which are in full bearing. Of these, however, there are 
a few varieties which are not well enough represented in treated 
and untreated plats to permit them to be used in the experiment. 
Excluding these odd varieties there remain 94 trees, 47 in 
each division of the experiment. The varieties represented are: 
Baldwin, Fall Pippin, Rhode Island Greening, Roxbury and 
Northern Spy. The numbers of treated and untreated trees of 
each of these varieties are: 



Treated. Untreated. 
\ 
rete CC UME Ma We sete ely oS Ee a Sauna inigae 2 conten the 9 6 
JV aya TE nie on OS CE fae le a ae a 6 
Ee ELCMUS ANNs KECOTILE enc toginn 1h Did. crates keke eld Qi eketaly se nitehy 1S 18 
LENE STE vane, VARIN SS GSTS a i a Rh eR eee lied EE i 4 4 
oVnolfeie 8 Gen) oye (ki 1) aca ek am a ae A! 15 13 
(Sg Sins Saeco ES SR SS RE SR AT ST ET COTTE SE | 
The orchard was divided into eight plats, numbered from 
I to 8 The accompanying diagram of the orchard, page 311, 
shows the positions of the plats and of the trees in each. The 
shaded portions of the diagram indicate the plats which were 
treated with ashes. The trees in the experiment are indicated 
by number in the explanation, and by shading in the diagram. 
The trees selected were planted in 1850 and were, therefore, 
43 years old when the experiment was begun. The orchard as 
a whole does not form a uniform block, but the trees selected, 
as numbered above, were fairly uniform and in the main were 
well adapted for the investigation. 
