New YoRK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 315 
to determine practicable measures for treating the trees in the 
future. Early in the spring the orchard was severely pruned for 
dead and infested wood, and, especially, to remove the topmost 
branches, which had heretofore been difficult to spray, to render 
thorough treatment in the future less difficult. From 5 to 10 feet 
of the tops of the taller central branches were removed, the opera- 
tion being made just above a vigorous-growing lateral branch. Ail 
wounds were immediately treated with red paint to assist healing 
and to avoid injuries by fungi and decay. 
For 207 of the worst infested trees, crude oil was employed, as 
their condition demanded drastic treatment and the owner so de- 
sired. The oil was applied undiluted in the spring as the buds were 
swelling and the applications were made from two sides of the 
trees, which resulted in the excessive use of the oil and an over- 
treatment, for this spray, of many portions of nearly all of the trees. 
Of the remainder of the orchard, 345 trees were sprayed with the 
lime-sulphur wash, and 47 trees were treated with the kerosene- 
lime mixture, which had recently been introduced as a promising 
spray for the scale. The items of expense and the cost of treating 
the orchard with the different sprays are as follows: 
Cost oF SPRAYING NIAGARA COUNTY ORCHARD IN 1905. 
CRUDE PETROLEUM. 
Pe TMLee Trees LAVed sete. care i les. Leb ctdss Ue ele te opaddp tee 207 
momirereiss Ot crude, oi], 1,000 cals., at $4.60... 2.26.02 s00cctsccene ee $92 00 
IRIE ECG Cro ie a ot siecle os Fo oe wav VE eagle ool’ acini aXe 9 00 
EMCI eT OL SP avS. at S150. estos cena ces ccacsactedsstcesus 13 50 
NPRM IOCM AMA ST Ate O0U, cit ress slay vs ve eh vat tievveeveerhews 6 00 
DP MNCTIMADTAVCL Ds ire tire. oe oe ks ok ee Bebe e cit ide ow ETP a as II 25 
CAE TOSI SE A al Uo Sirti eat eng year ride tetas, ih Seg! Sa tire $131 75 
Seemriovele salons per (Cems sr ss. wees ea ncr esr rceece etwas 4.8 
Cost of materials for spray, per gallon of mixture..............6. Io cts. 
emer Ot OTT Ce ANS ISP i OE Ree aa ees a's ls A0te 
eee ara net AI NOL LtT OCs. ain) «clea ieee Ga. gees so OE eusiayd scrpepeie ee © Cate 
Be PEE Cae POU E LCC nine ys chet cei Baw ches we wets veghe sce ne GAnes 
eee aL TEOS) STTAV CUT ain Manis mie pete na eens ao 6 ous-as oN ce Reale 345 
