New YorK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 317 
QUANTITY OF SPRAY AND Cost PER TREE. 
[a a ER SS ES ES SS SES 


oe Seas: fyeesee Apial cost 
number o cost oO cost oO Oo 
NAME OF SPRAY. gallons per| spray per | labor per | treatment 
bree. ree, nee: PEDsree, oy) 
Gis: Gis: Cts, 
PARSE ORCUITTA Net ee te. 0: sel ee Neyosel el si Sidwein: oukicacer ae 5 49 9 58 
(Un Ae Ee i Sa Ea A A 3 sa nip! 13 9 22 
HOETOCENC LINE WASH wa a\a.c < wlesaucrs as sucolle + elescie 14 43 i 60 




RESULTS ON TREES AND SCALE BY SPRAYING IN IQgO5. 
Crude petrolewm.— The application of the crude oil killed a large 
percentage of the fruit buds, and many of the leaf buds, which 
destroyed the crop and retarded leafing for three weeks. As the 
season advanced, the foliage showed a surprising improvement and 
by August the trees appeared, on the whole, with the exception of 
the loss of fruit, nearly as well as the remaining portion of the 
orchard. A few trees, weakened by scale and collar rot, did not 
fully recover and apparently received a set-back, but the extent of 
the injuries could not be determined at that time. In comparison 
with the other sprays, the crude petroleum was the most effective. 
A very large percentage of the scales were destroyed, and the 
effects of the reduction were apparent for the next two years. 
Sulphur washes.— The treatment with the sulphur washes caused 
no apparent injuries, and the trees receiving the applications of 
this spray bore a good crop of fruit, which with some exceptions, 
was quite clean and marketable. The results on the scale were, as 
a rule, not as satisfactory as with crude petroleum, but the general 
health and the fruitfulness of the trees were much better. 
Kerosene-lime mixture-— This spray caused severe. injuries to 
one side of fifteen trees in the same row, which reduced the crop 
and destroyed much of the foliage. It was necessary to prune these 
trees carefully to reshape them and to remove the dead wood. The 
remainder of the trees receiving this treatment produced good yields 
of fruit and the foliage was normal. The results on the scale were 
variable, but as a rule little benefit was derived from the treatment. 
The kerosene-lime mixture proved to be a disagreeable spray to 
prepare, and, when handled in quantities of 200 gallons, the capac- 
ity of the spraying tank, much difficulty was experienced in keeping 
the ingredients evenly distributed and in uniformly coating the trees. 
