New YorK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 329 
from thirty to fifty-five years. Careful attention has been given to 
all details relating to pruning, cultivation and spraying for plant 
disease and insects. The San José scale was found on a few trees 
for the first time in the fall of 1901 after a careful examination by 
an official inspector. In the spring all the infested trees—which had 
been marked—were well sprayed with the boiled lime-sulphur wash. 
This proved very efficient. Subsequent inspections revealed 
other trees affected, which were similarly treated. No special diff- 
culty has been experienced in completely protecting the trees, and by 
this method of picking out and spraying all infested trees the treat- 
ment of the entire orchard was deferred for five years. It is be- 
lieved that the general treatment of the orchard would not have 
been necessary then, had it not been for the unfavorable results of 
1906, when there was quite a little spotting of the fruit on a num- 
ber of trees. This failure was due to the use of an impure grade 
of sulphur which was not detected by the orchard foreman until 
the larger number of the trees had been sprayed and the season 
was too far advanced to respray. From the lack of efficient treat- 
ment the scale was more conspicuous than ever before, and as the 
season was exceedingly favorable to its multiplication and distri- 
bution, it spread to many other trees. In the spring of 1907, to 
avoid taking chances, the entire orchard was sprayed with the sul- 
phur wash, miscible oil, or oil emulsions. To afford a fair basis 
for comparison, the trees selected for the test were of the same 
age and were infested with the scale. 
The items of expense and the comparative cost of spraying trees 
thirty years of age with the sulphur wash, oil emulsions, and mis- 
cible oil, are as follows: 
Cost OF SPRAYING ONTARIO CoUNTY ORCHARD IN 1907. 
CRUDE OIL EMULSION (15 PER CT.). 
IM IE RETOCCS (SDTAVEC 2 aa ic foie alo fed tere Os seve eal gle Os wdlaps ee ais O4 
750 gal'ons of wash: 
Bese pauots: clude oilatelr cts. per gallonwes. <2) uh. Liem. .: $12 43 
Pamibsmewitale-o1l soapvat 4 cts: pér Ibo. ee 88 | 
2 gallons of crude carbolic acid at 54 cts. per gallon.......... I 08 
entrar mn Cr miro ra eT Ss (CtS. er TOUT sre vase hice A arec wt ois ere vents 3 60 
Perea Ore anouiseat 20 cts. pet. HOUl. asec cre acest ees cee 1 60 
Ber rOds  SULAVE Merete (ott han RG ho va csc ese esas tne ob oo ob t 8s Ivi2 
cles ba, 1 Po Mee ete Bee GN FRE esse ye ae Magia « bia «6 oeldatele $20 71 
