cA 
338 Report oF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY OF THE 
through or under the screens, and by hardening the plants by the 
removal of the screening several days before transplanting. The 
growing of cabbage seedlings in frames for protection against mag- 
gots has not been carefully considered from all standpoints, so that 
there are many details regarding the raising of plants in this man- 
ner, on which more knowledge is needed. 
‘EXPERIMENTAL. 
EXPERIMENTS WITH SCREENING TO PROTECT SEED-BEDS. 
To determine the value of screening as a means of protection 
against maggots, and to ascertain methods by which plants could 
be grown under frames, without appreciably reducing their vitality 
for transplanting purposes, some cooperative experiments were 
undertaken in 1907 with Mr. Levi Page of Seneca Castle. Cabbage 
is one of the principal crops in this part of Ontario County, and 
much trouble has been experienced in recent years in growing seed- 
lings because of the severe attacks of the cabbage-maggots. As 
screening of beds was to be tried by a number of growers on a more 
or less extensive scale, a favorable opportunity was also presented, 
by cooperation with a number of farmers, to determine the prac- 
ticability of this means of protecting seed-beds. 
GENERAL CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTS. 
The field selected for the planting of the beds consists of a rich 
black loam with a clay subsoil and was quite free of weeds. Pre- 
vious to seeding, the portion of the field selected for the beds was 
heavily enriched with chemical fertilizers and was then harrowed 
at various intervals, as the condition of the soil permitted. Four 
beds were made, the seed being sown respectively on April 29, May 
13, May 17 and May 28. For the purpose of this bulletin the 
second sowing, for which bed cheesecloth screening was used, need 
only be considered. 
DETAILS OF EXPERIMENT WITH CHEESECLOTH SCREENING, 
In this bed the seed was sown on May 13. The larger part of 
the seeding was made in rows twelve inches apart, using a garden 
drill, while for the portion intended to be screened, the seed was 
planted in rows only six inches apart. The number of rows in- 
cluded in the closer planting was 21, and the rows were 150 feet 
long. On May 20, this portion of the bed was enclosed. For the 
