‘ 
NEw YorkK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 351 
in the various lots. Some trees were clean and the others, although 
the numbers of the scales were much reduced, showed varying de- 
grees of infestation. 
EXPERIMENT NO. IV. 
INFESTED BEN DAVIS APPLES DIPPED IN VARIOUS SPRAYS. 
This experiment was a comparative test of various sprays to 
determine their merits for the treatment of nursery stock by dip- 
ping. The mixtures employed were the standard lime-sulphur 
wash; kerosene emulsion containing 10, I5, or 20 per ct. of oil, and 
miscible oil at the rate of 5, 624 or Io per ct. Hydrocyanic acid 
gas was used for the purpose of comparing its effectiveness with 
the liquid sprays. For the fumigation, 0.3 gram of potassium 
cyanide per cubic foot was used. The temperature of the mixture 
was 60° F. Seven lots of trees were dipped in the respective 
preparations, and one lot of thirty trees was fumigated. 
Results on scale—— The effects of the different treatments on the 
scale, as shown by observations on July 5, August 14 and Sep- 
tember 8, are briefly summarized in the accompanying table. 
TABLE I.—EFrects ON ScALe oF Drippinc Ben Davis Apple TREES IN 
VARIOUS REMEDIES. 
SS SSS E———EEEeE—E—E—E—EE——EE—E————E—EEEEEEEeeee 



DATES OF OBSERVATION. 
No. 
REMEDIES. of 
trees 
July 5. August 14. September 8. 
Sul pAtir wash . oss. 120 | Few active scales..| Sprinkling of scales,,) Some trees clean. 
some trees clean Others with quite 
a few scales. 
Kerosene emulsion| 16 | No active scales...| Few active scales..| Some trees clean. 
(10 per ct. oil). Others with a few 
scales. 

Kerosene emulsion| 16 | An occasional scale.}| An occasional scale.| Trees usually clean. 




(15 per ct. oil). Very few scales. 
Kerosene emulsion| 66 | No active scales...| Rarely a young} Two trees showing. 
(20 per ct. oil). Scale... few scales. Other 
trees clean. 4 
Miscible oil (1-10),..| 10 | Except on one tree] Rarely Fan}{active| .Three'# trees with 
no signs of active Stale. yicde ens t few scales.” Other 
scales. trees clean. 
Miscible oil (1-10)...| 40 | No active scales...}| Few young scales..| Severa! trees clean. 
Others with few 
scales. 
Miscibile oil (1-20)..| 10 | Few active scales..| Quite a few active) Some trees clean. 
bua 2 init scales. ; Others with 
ed ® sprinkling of 
- scales. 
Hydrocyanic acid gas} 18 | No active scales...| Scales apparently} No signs of living 
all dead. scales. 
GHECKSIey, celetols.« ose 30 pais a few active| Many_active scales.| Trees well encrust’d 
scales. 
| A en 

