352 Report OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY OF THE 
None of the liquid treatments entirely destroyed the scales and 
there was more or less breeding, which varied according to the 
spray and the dilution employed. The most efficient of this class 
of remedies were the kerosene emulsion containing either 15 or 20 
per ct. of oil, and miscible oil, diluted with either ten or fifteen parts 
of water. The stronger preparations of these two mixtures gave 
almost perfect results, as there were only two trees treated by the 
former and three trees treated by the latter, which showed any 
larval activity, and that was very slight. Of the trees dipped in the 
_ sulphur wash some were free of scales and others were more or 
less infested. Of the treatments to which the trees were subjected, 
fumigation with hydrocyanic acid gas was the only one that 
effectively checked the breeding of the scales. 
THE EFFECTS OF DIPPING‘ON PRU Liv Deities 
EXPERIMENT NO. V. 
BEN DAVIS APPLES DIPPED IN SULPHUR WASH AT DIFFERENT 
TEM PERATURES. : 
The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effects of 
dipping in the lime-sulphur wash upon fruit trees. The variety 
used was the Ben Davis apple, of which there were 120 trees, 
divided into 4 lots of 30 trees each. Four preparations of the 
standard lime-sulphur wash were made, which were maintained at 
temperatures of 60°, 100°, 120° and 212° F. respectively, during 
the dipping operations. In the treatment of the trees, each lot was 
first equally divided, and one-half the trees were entirely dipped in 
the mixture, while the others were immersed with the exception of 
the roots. Dipping was instantaneous. 
Results on trees —— The effects of dipping upon the trees and the 
behavior of the trees following the treatment are plainly indicated 
by the following brief notes, which are based on observations made 
on the dates given. 
Lot 1. TEMPERATURE 60° F. 
ONLY TOPS DIPPED. 
May 22. Trees leafing. Some buds retarded on all of the trees and a 
’ number of trees are much more backward than others. 
June 5. Foliage fair. Trees backward, because of a late spring. 
July 5. Trees normal, with abundant foliage, and making good growth. 
TOPS AND ROOTS DIPPED. 
May 22. Trees leafing. General conditions as above on same date. 
June 5. Foliage about same as above but not quite so abundant. Some 
leaves are wilting. | 
July 5. Three trees are alive and twelve trees are dead. 
