NEw YorK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 389 
that treatment with the sulphur wash be made in the spring. The 
operations should commence early enough to insure the requisite 
spraying of the trees before the buds burst. The applications of 
these sprays retain for several weeks considerable insecticidal 
power which is effective against the progeny of the old scales that 
chanced to escape destruction by the wash at the time of treatment. 
For peaches, early spraying, as soon as the ground permits, is 
recommended. This application will control both scale and peach 
leaf curl. ‘The sulphur washes, when used in the spring, are very 
safe sprays; and trees, even when drenched with them or repeatedly 
sprayed, will usually sustain very little injury. 
Applications of the sulphur washes in the fall may cause im- 
portant injuries to peaches and plums, especially if the wood is un- 
ripened. The effects on scale will prove satisfactory. If it is 
necessary to spray in the fall, the treatment should be made as far 
as possible to apples and pears, and the hardier sorts of other fruits, 
as they are less liable to bud injuries. Unfortunately in this State 
there is very little opportunity in the fall for the satisfactory treat- 
ment of apple orchards, because of the late retention of the 
foliage, which obstructs the sprays, and the early appearance of 
freezing weather. 
In considering the advisability of spraying in the fall, it should be 
understood that neglected, infested trees will die; and rather than 
take chances on their treatment in the spring it will pay to spray in 
the fall, as the increased vigor and usefulness of the trees arising 
from the control of the scale will more than compensate for 
probable losses in fruit yields. 
OUTFITS FOR COOKING THE WASH. 
To prepare the wash satisfactorily it is necessary to have a suit- 
able outfit. In making plans for such an outfit, one should re- 
member that the kind of plant, with reference to the use of a kettle 
over a fire or the employment of steam to prepare the wash, the 
location of plant in a position central with respect to the trees to be 
treated, the water supply, and the number of useful contrivances 
for handling the water and the wash, have much to do with the 
ease and cost with which the spray can be made and applied. The 
following brief description, accompanied by illustrations of the com- 
mon types of cooking plants will serve as a guide to the erection of 
an outfit adapted to individual circumstances. 
