392 ReporT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY OF THE 
sulphur spray has almost entirely prevented injuries by casebearers. 
The blister-mite on pear trees is largely controlled by applications of 
this mixture during the dormant season. It is also believed that 
thorough spraying with the sulphur washes before the buds burst 
affords considerable relief from the pear psylla. There is no other 
spray employed that has such a cleansing effect upon fruit trees. 
DIPPING OF NURSERY TREES IN SULPHUR WASH. 
The dipping of entire trees in a sulphur wash is a dangerous 
practice and is not advised. The roots of the tree should never 
come in contact with such a caustic spray. If it is desired to dip, 
simply immerse the top of the tree in the wash as far as the collar, 
leaving the roots untreated. For dipping to destroy the scale, sul- 
phur washes are less satisfactory than oil emulsions or miscible oils. 
In the use of a sulphur wash for the treatment of nursery stock in- 
fested with the scale much better results would be obtained by first 
planting the trees and then spraying them until they are thickly 
coated. 
For shipments of nursery stock the most efficient treatment is 
fumigation with hydrocyanic acid gas. Detailed directions for its 
use will be furnished on application. 
SOME SUGGESTIONS ON HANDLING THE SULPHUR WASH. 
The sulphur wash is very caustic; for this reason one should 
learn not to expose the bare hands and face to it. Always apply 
the spray with the wind as the work can be done cheaper and better, 
and is less disagreeable, since one avoids getting the spray upon 
himself and the horses. When the wind changes, spray the trees 
from the other side. For the treatment of large trees, apple es- 
pecially, use plenty of nozzles, at least four, as the work can be 
done more quickly and with economy in labor. For the protection 
of the hands wear the ordinary leather working gloves, into which 
common lubricating oil has been well rubbed. 
THE SELF-BOILED LIME-SULPHUR-CAUSTIC SODA WASH. 
VAT BUTE poss sw ns nie nye le eee ee 30 Ibs. 
SUI Pits foros 5,4 as ais sw leas 0s dope ie alan a i ee 15 
CAQSUCUSOUA. sna Fs che wi ea cia edie eames cones eta anes ays 
Wealernt ane eel. iP OE te eee ee LAC ae 50 gals. 
Place the lime in a barrel and start it to slake with hot water, 
using enough to prevent the lime from being air-slaked. As soon 
as the boiling action commences, add sulphur, which has just previ- 
