NEw YorkK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 393 
ously been made into a paste with hot water. Stir this in thoroughly 
and pour in water in small quantities to keep the mixture in the 
form of a rather thin paste. After the slaking of the lime, add the 
caustic soda and stir till it is dissolved. Cover the barrel with bur- 
lap and allow the wash to cook. When the chemical action has 
ceased, dilute the mixture with water to make the required amount. 
This formula is advised for fruit growers who only desire to 
make small quantities of a sulphur wash, and do not wish to buy 
a cooking outfit. It is a little more costly than the boiled lime-sul- 
phur wash, and will not, on the whole, prove as uniformly effective 
as that prepared by external heat. It commends itself to the small 
fruit growers because it requires no special vessel for its prepara- 
tion. 
Use the same grades of lime and sulphur as for the lime-sulphur 
wash. For extensive spraying, purchase from wholesale druggists 
the commercial caustic soda, put up in fifty-pound cans. Upon ex- 
posure to the air, the caustic soda absorbs moisture and greatly in- 
creases in weight. Odd amounts of the soda may be kept dry in 
covered Mason jars. To prepare small quantities of the wash one 
may use any of the common soda lye brands, as sold by grocers. 
HOME-MADE OIL-EMULSION. 
Crude petroletui:Or KerOSene.. 00d. ee ale sees: 2 gals. 
BA ea le-OlleOL TISIT-Oll “SOAD Sa a-dieva's Hevea s Eh ake sles othe Y% Ib. 
OTC ma (OteeeNee Eee ata coi. cade Ne tinleh wie 2k ood I gal. 
Dissolve the soap, which has been finely divided, in one gallon 
of boiling water. Remove the vessel from the stove and add the 
oil. Then agitate the mixture violently for from three to five min- 
utes by pumping into itself, until a creamy mass is formed, from 
which the oil does not separate. A well-made emulsion will remain 
stable for a long time, so that the stock supply can be made to be 
used as occasion requires. Fruit growers are advised not to em- 
ploy an emulsion which ‘shows a separation of the oil, as applica~ 
tions of such preparations may cause injuries to the trees. Crude 
petroleum is preferred to kerosene for the spraying of dormant 
trees in the spring. 
OIL EMULSION FOR SPRING USE. 
For the spring treatment of apples and pears, before the buds 
burst, dilute the above formula with seven gallons of water, which 
makes a spray containing approximately 20 per ct. of crude oil. 
