406 Report oF THE ENTOMOLOGISTS OF THE 
the insecticide, and thus escape being killed. Where headed 
cabbage, which throws out no new leaves, is left standing on the 
field they eat into the solid heads. During the day they usually 
feed from the under or lower surface of a leaf, but probably they 
do the most of their feeding at night. The habit of feeding from 
the under side of a leaf gives them a chance to hide and at the 
same time be protected from the sun. .When feeding upon such 
plants as carnations they hide during the day in a position to 
resemble a leaf or branch of the plant. They are sure to find 
the most tender portion of a plant such as the buds and growing 
tips. They like nothing better than to feed upon the flower of 
a cauliflower after it has been tied. Their appetites are gener- 
ally good. A medium-sized looper will devour a lettuce plant 
having 4 or 5 leaves in one night. They can travel quite rapidly 
and easily pass from one plant to another. 
CONCLUSIONS. 
Cabbage worm.— The fact that the eggs are deposited on the 
under or outer side of the leaf, and, that the worms do their 
first feeding on that part of the leaf, in fact in most cases feeding 
upon the under or lower surface of the leaves until nearly half 
grown, makes it essential that any poisonous insecticide should 
be on that part of the leaf to give complete results. The habit 
of feeding from the lower side of the leaves makes the use of 
all insecticides which kill by contact more or less impractical, at 
least until after the worms have done a large amount of dam- 
age. This habit is also often the cause of delay in treatment 
as they are not noticed until many of the worms are through feed- 
ing and ready to pupate. | 
The fact that the broods overlap so that eggs and full grown 
worms occur on the plants at the same time, assuming all other 
conditions to be favorable, makes it impossible to destroy them 
all with one treatment with any of the measures that have been 
