New York AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 407 
in use. In fact the combination of all conditions makes it 1m- 
possible to destroy them all with two or three treatments by any 
of the measures previously used. 
The numerous spring food plants to be found in this section 
make the use of trap-crops, or even the systematic spraying of 
early cabbage, impractical and more expensive than results war- 
rant. , 
Many growers of cabbage never attempt to use remedies until 
after they see the ravages of the worms or the worms themselves. 
In such cases part of the worms are nearly through feeding, 
hence the treatment is far from complete in its results. 
The numerous food plants, the varying habits of the worms 
and butterflies in adapting themselves to conditions, their feeding 
out of sight until quite large, combined with carelessness in the 
methods of combating them, all aid in making, in nine cases out 
of ten, the final results from the methods used almost nil. 
Cabbage looper.— Undoubtedly the wariness of the looper with 
regard to feeding on foliage that has any foreign substance on its 
surface, combined with its activity, makes it one of the hardest 
to combat of the leaf-eating caterpillars. In all my work I have 
failed to find a dead looper on plants treated with remedies of any 
form used as dry powders. Possibly a few are killed by the use 
of dry Paris green and flour on cabbage, but they are very few. 
Light traps have been used in forcing houses but without success. 
The use of mosquito netting on the ventilators of forcing houses 
has been recommended but growers think this would not only be 
too expensive but also inconvenient and impracticable. Further- 
more, in transplanting the first crop of lettuce from beds out of 
doors to forcing house, the eggs of the moths and of the worms 
themselves are carried in on the plants. If a half dozen perfect 
female moths get into a forcing house containing 2,000 square 
feet of bench room, they are able to deposit eggs on most of the 
plants. Hand picking is generally practiced for this pest on 
lettuce, but usually the rascal has a plant destroyed before he is 
picked. 
