196 Report of DEPARTMENT OF BACTERIOLOGY OF THE 
converting it into dextrine, whereas the others are not. -He 
then cultivated all three upon a synthetic medium containing 
1% calcium pectate. He found that these fungi grew better 
upon this than upon a-similar medium containing arabinose 
instead of the pectate. On the other hand Oidiuwm fructigenum 
did better on the arabinose medium. This result accorded 
with his later observations that the first three dissolve the 
middle lamella of host plants by enzymic secretions, whereas 
the Oidium cannot, but makes its way wholly by mechanical 
pressure. He is of the opinion thet the enzym of Penicillium, 
which dissolves the middle lamella but not the cellulose, is 
different from the cellulose-dissolving enzym. 
Nordhausen (1899) at about the same time made, independ- 
ently, similar studies upon Botrytis cinerea and reached very 
nearly the same conclusions. He emphasizes the fact that this 
Botrytis differs somewhat in its action from Ward’s lily fun- 
gus in that the enzymic solution of the middle lamella is not 
accompanied as a rule by the strong swelling of the inner or 
cellulose layers. In this respect the action is more like that 
of de Bary’s Sclerotinia. He considered the swelling observed 
by Behrens, of the cell walls of RYT RIOT CAGE ay an excep- 
tional thing for this fungus. 
R. E. Smith, in a recent paper (1902) on Botrytis cinerea, 
reports that while it dissolves the middle lamella of lettuce 
parenchyma it causes no swelling of the residual layers. More- 
over, he found the action occurred even after the fungus ex- 
tract causing it had been heated to the boiling point. He con- 
sidered that this action is probably identical with that of de 
Bary’s Peziza, but that in Ward’s lily fungus and Potter’s 
turnip bacterium an enzym was produced different from any 
ordinarily produced by Botrytis cinerea. He emphasizes the 
importance of the rdle of oxalic acid, which is formed by this 
fungus and also by de Bary’s 
Griss attributed the cytolytic action of Penicillium to dias- 
tase. He applied the name alloédlysis to such action in which 
the enzym evidently penetrates the substance and the solution 
is preceded by visible changes, forming a “ corrosion zone,” ag 
