304 REPORT OF THE BOTANICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE 
under the outer bark of a living tree. It appears, however, that 
in all but one instance of the 1898 inoculations Spheropsis 
failed to live over winter, since only one of the cankers in- 
creased the following summer. 
The devastation by Spheeropsis is said to have been con- 
siderable in the nineties. In one case the major part of a 
large, thrifty, well-tilled orchard was destroyed, while a short 
distance away an orchard on poor soil and kept in sod was 
but slightly affected ; though inoculation experiments indicated 
that vigorously growing nursery trees were less affected than 
unthrifty ones. 
It is advised to scrape the trunks and branches of trees and 
wash them with a soap, lime and wood-ash mixture. Cankers 
and cankered limbs should be cut out and all wounds covered 
with paint or grafting wax. 
A. B. Cordley,** of Oregon, also describes an apple-tree 
anthracnose. 
This Gloosporium is said to form cankers on the bark of 
branches mostly two to three inches in diameter, though larger 
limbs and the trunks are also affected. The first indications 
of the canker appear generally after the autumn rains as small, 
irregular brown areas on the bark, spreading slowly during 
winter and rapidly in spring, but ceasing in May. The pyc- 
nidia are produced from June to September on the brown, 
depressed areas, which are often limited by irregular fissures. 
The dead bark drops off in a few months, “ leaving a wound 
which requires several years to heal.” Occasionally a canker 
girdles and kills a branch. 
Thirty-six mycelial inocluations were made in the bark of 
short sections of small, live apple-tree branches, which were 
placed in the sand of a moist chamber. The characteristic dead 
areas appeared in three weeks. 
Another case of apple-tree canker was described by H. Has- 
selbring,”? and ascribed to a species of Nummularia. The 
7 Apple-tree anthracnose. Oreg. Sta. Bul. 60 (1900); and a more de- 
tailed account. ‘‘ Some observations on apple-tree anthrocnose,” Bot. Gaz., 
30: 48-58. 1900. 
