New York AcricutturaAL ExperIMENT Starvion. 405 
causing important injuries in sprayed as well as in neglected 
orchards, 
The caterpillars as a rule were not equally numerous on all 
trees in an orchard, so that the injury varied with the indi- 
vidual trees. On some portions of trees 85 per ct. of the fruit 
had been eaten into, while on other trees the amount of dam- 
aged fruit varied from 5 per ct. to 20 per ct. While there 
were some injuries to the leaves, the foliage was generally 
abundant, and unless a close examination was made, the ap- 
pearance of the trees at this date completely deceived one as 
to the presence of the caterpillars. Also one was impressed 
with the large number of damaged fruits, which seemed out 
of proportion to the numbers of caterpillars actually present. 
The feeding was largely confined to the cheeks of the young 
apples and pears. In some instances only the skin of the 
fruit was consumed, but more damage was done by the worms 
eating out cavities of varying size and depth. Pears generally 
sufiered more injury than apples, the cavities often extending 
through to the core so that only about half of the original 
fruit remained. 
CONDITIONS IN SPRAYED ORCHARDS. 
Upon the discovery of the caterpillars and the injuries to 
the fruit, some orchardists attempted to prevent further losses 
by spraying with arsenicals. Wherever a thorough treatment 
of bordeaux mixture containing a strong dose of poison was 
applied, a goodly percentage of caterpillars was killed and the 
poison continued to be effective, gradually reducing their num- 
bers. But while the caterpillars were finally destroyed, they 
continued to feed to a greater or less extent for several days 
after the applications, during which time the amount of dam- 
age to fruits greatly increased. It appeared that the cater- 
pillars, feeding in the deeper cavities of the injured fruits, 
found food that was not reached by poisons, and the insects 
were apparently not destroyed until they changed their feeding 
grounds. 
