454 Report oF THE HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT OF THE 
TaBLE II.—YIELD or Fruit on Sop AND TILLAGE PuatTs. 










Sod Plat—118 Trees Tilled Plat—121 Trees 
Diff. 
—_. | | - —_______—____—__——_| in 
Year | r ‘ Z a 
Ist | 2n Total |} Ist | 2n otal | tillage 
class | class Culls yield || class | class Culls yield 
Bobls. |Bbls. | Bbls. | Bols. || Bbls. | Bbls.| Bbls. | Bbls. | Bobls. 
IG0S Re ats 278 | 51 |*286.1] 615.1!| 269 | 47 |*275.9) 591.9!1—23.2 
100R ee 123.3] 38 71.4%) 203 149.3} 34 95.6] 278.9} 45.9 
19062 Feng: 135.3} 32 43 | 210.3]; 255.3/790 {185.8} 531.1] 320.8 
1907) eG ce 144.3) 44 87 | 275.3]| 248.3] 63 113 | 424.3} 149 
1908. Ae 255.3] 17.5] 52.5) 325.3)]| 480.3/$60.5/f181.7| 722.5) 397.2 
AVG. a 2 187.2} 36.5} 108 | 331.8)! 280.4) 58.9} 170.4] 509.7| 177.9 
Avg on basis | 
of 121 trees} 191.9} 37.4] 110.7| 340.2)| 280.4] 58.9} 170.4) 509.7; 169.5 









**kAcre Avg.| 41.1) 8 23.7 de 60 12.6] 36.5} 109.2) 36.3 


* A September storm blew half the crop from the trees. 
t Increase in culls and seconds due to aphis injury of fruit. 
t Increase in culls and seconds due to curculio injury of fruit. 
** On basis of 27.2 trees per acre. 
The table needs little amplification. The last column, show- 
ing the differences between the yields on the two plats, is by 
far the best measure of the value of the two methods of orchard 
management. It is proper that seconds and culls should be 
included in this column: The fruits of these grades are often 
as large as the first grade apples—graded low because of im- 
perfections. These of course require as much food for their 
development as perfect fruits of the same size. Moreover, 
small fruits take a greater comparative amount of moisture 
and plant food from the soil than large fruits for they have a 
greater proportion of solid matter than large fruits, the seeds 
being as many in one as the other. 
Taking, therefore, the difference in total yield of fruit be- 
tween the two plats as the measure of value of the two treat- 
ments, it is shown clearly that tillage is the better way of 
handling this orchard. In brief, the figures show that tillage 
gave a very considerable total gain for the five years; that 
