New York AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 545 
are. When to this confusion is added the disposition of some 
nurserymen to substitute, those who have had experience in 
buying trees know well what the possibilities are of getting 
the right variety on the right stock. Third, as we have pointed 
out in one or two particulars, dwarf trees need more care. 
This applies to all particulars. The loss of dwarf trees by 
death, from one cause or another in these three orchards is 
much greater than in orchards of all standards. Fourth, while 
this test of dwarf trees does not prove it, all concede that such 
_ trees are much shorter lived than standard trees. How much 
shorter cannot be said without more definite data than can now 
be found. 
In conclusion, while this experiment is not nearly finished, it 
is apparent to all who have been working with the orchards 
that dwarf apples will not take the place of standard apples in 
commercial orchards. Whether they can be profitably used as 
fillers with standard trees is a question. The writer would 
prefer standard trees as fillers. It may be that some varieties 
can be profitably used as dwarf fillers. Possibly a few sorts 
may be used in limited numbers for a commercial orchard of 
dwarfs. The only place for dwarf trees at present seems to be, 
under some conditions, in the garden of the amateur. 
The many inquiries in regard to these dwarf orchards and 
the keen popular interest now manifested in regard to dwarf 
trees is the excuse for the discussion of an experiment not 
yet completed. 
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