702 Report oF THE HORTICULTURIST OF THE 
instances the sprayed trees were separated by a short distance 
only from unsprayed, infected trees. In considering the results 
of these experiments it is well to bear in mind the fact that the 
sprayed trees were thus constantly open to infection from adja- 
cent trees that were not sprayed. Evidently, when an entire 
orchard is sprayed this source of infection may be obviated in a 
large measure. 
Effect on the foliage.— It should also be remarked that the 
five hundred and sixty-two dollars gain per hundred trees from the 
sprayed fruit (see p. 701) does not represent in this case all the benefit — 
- resulting from the spraying. Early in the season the foliage of 
the sprayed trees was of a more healthy color than was the foli- 
age of the unsprayed trees. Later in the season this difference © 
was very marked, and on account of having healthier foliage the 
sprayed trees evidently went into the winter in better condition 
and are better prepared for a good crop in 1894 than are the 
unsprayed trees. It was also noted that during the wind storm 
above mentioned a larger proportion of fruit held to the trees 
that were sprayed than held to the unsprayed trees. Branches 
of sprayed and of unsprayed fruit were exhibited at the World’s 
Fair and Mr. Geo. T. Powell, superintendent of the horticultural 
exhibit of New York State, reports that when they were received 
avery large per cent of the unsprayed fruit had dropped from 
the branches, while but a very small per cent of the fruit had 
dropped from the branches that were sprayed.* All these 
things indicate very clearly that the foliage and fruit on the 
sprayed trees were in a much more healthy condition throughout 
the season than were the fruit and foliage of the unsprayed trees. 
Pear scab and pear leaf blight.— Pear scab is the name com- 
monly given to adisease which manifests itself on the fruit in 
dark olive green or brown spots followed in many cases by a 
roughness of the skin and cracking of the fruit. Figure 1, Plate 
VIII, is from a photograph of a scabby pear which has become 
cracked in this way. 
Pears may also become cracked as a result of aftanks of the 
fungus Entomosporium maculatum, Lev. which causes the pear 
leaf blight.+ In this section the leaf blight, Antomosporiwm 
* Powell, Geo. T., in Proceedings Western New York Horticultural Society, Rochester, N. Y., 
1894, p. 77. 
+ This is not the bacterial ‘‘ fire blight’ which affects the wood and blights entire branches. 
