18 DirREcTOR’s REPORT OF THE 
New York the insect was most destructive in Wayne, Monroe, 
Orleans and Niagara Counties. 
Fruit bark beetle—Observations upon this species, Scolytus 
rugulosus, were begun last season and are being continued. It 
has been supposed that the beetles usually confine their attacks 
to sickly trees, but the past season’s investigations have shown 
that they will also attack and deposit their eggs in healthy, vigor- 
ous trees. In some of the large peach orchards in Niagara 
County the beetles worked extensively in the bark of the trunks 
and large limbs, causing a copious exudation of sap. Cherry 
trees were also attacked, but to a less degree. Eggs and larvee 
were found late in the fall in the sapwood of the smaller branches, 
into which the beetles had made short channels. 
These habits of the insect indicate two methods of treatment: 
First, the application of a caustic wash to the bark and larger 
limbs during July; and second, the careful cutting out of the 
infested branches during the winter, as explained in Bulletin 180. 
Quince mealy-bug—A species of Dactylopius attacking quince 
trees. The life history of this species has been worked out in 
part. The studies will be continued until completed. 
Wheat sawfly—An investigation into the cause of “lodging” 
of wheat showed that a species of sawfly is probably responsible 
for much of the injury attributed to the Hessian fly. The sawfly 
larva feeds within the straw from the root to the head, but 
finally weakens it just above the crown of the root so that the 
wind causes it to break very low down. Hence wheat “lodged” 
as a result of the work of this insect lies close to the ground the 
full length of the straw. The kernels are but little affected. 
The insect passes the remainder of the summer and the winter 
in the crown of the root, appearing in the spring as a small four- 
winged fly. 
The origin and early stages of parthenogenetic and sexual eggs of 
aphids.—These investigations have to do with some of the funda- 
mental problems of insect development. They were begun a year 
ago, and are being continued. Up to the present time the details 
