New YorRK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, 95 
the seed. What quantity of sulphur and lime it Is best to use 
has not been definitely determined, but in our experiments excel- 
lent results have been obtained from the use of 100 pounds of 
sulphur and 50 pounds of lime (equal parts by measure) per 
acre. We recommend the use of this quantity until it has been 
-shown by experiment that some other quantity gives better re- 
sults. 
There is no danger of harmful results from the accumulation 
of the sulphur in the soil provided it is not used in excessively 
large quantities. Broadcast applications of the sulphur and 
lime have little if any effect on smut; the application must be 
made in the drills. 
The smuttier the land the better, proportionally, will be the 
returns from the sulphur-lime treatment. In general, we believe 
it will be found profitable to apply the treatment to any field on 
which it is impossible to obtain more than two-thirds of a full 
crop because of smut. With a perfect working machine for 
applying the mixture perhaps the treatment will be profitable 
where the loss from smut is even less than one-third of the crop. 
Without the use of a machine the treatment must be made by 
the somewhat laborious method of first opening the rows either 
with a seed drill or some sort of marker, then scattering the sul- 
phur and lime in the open rows by hand, and finally running the 
seed drill over the rows a second time to sow the seed. Although 
involving considerable extra labor and a small money outlay for 
sulphur (about two dollars per acre) we are confident that the 
treatment is profitable, especially on very smutty land. 
While the sulphur-lime treatment will undoubtedly give con- 
siderable relief and we advise its use, it should not be forgotten 
that smut may be wholly prevented by rearing the seedings in 
hotbeds and transplanting. We advise those onion growers who 
suffer heavy losses from smut to investigate the transplanting 
method. Surely there is some way of applying it profitably to 
the methods of onion growing practiced in Orange County; and if 
there is not it may be worth while to alter the methods and grow 
the large onions to which the transplanting method is especially 
