New YorkK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 199 
In May the Macrophoma expelled its spores on pear in the 
same manner as onapple. (See page 174.) 
In a paper before the Western New York Horticultural So- 
ciety at its last annual meeting in Rochester, January 23-24, 
1901, Mr. Albert Wood* stated that he has successfully treated 
the body blight of pear by washing the trunks with a mixture of 
whale oil soap, copper sulphate, lime and ashes. 
We have searched for Spheropsis on pear leaves, but found 
none in Western New York, although some specimens were 
taken on Long Island. It has not been observed on the fruit. 
WINTER AND Droucut Inyury.—In May, 1900, a fruit grower 
at Rushville wrote us concerning the death of some of his pear 
trees. His orchard consisted of 300 dwarf Duchess pears which 
had been planted five years and, previous to last year, were 
thrifty. In the season of 1899, 25 of the trees died, and during 
1900 about 20 more of them died. The roots were dead, as was 
also the bark on the trunk as far up as the union. The soil on 
which the trees stood was a clay loam with a clay subsoil. Most 
of the dead trees were on three small knolls where the soil was 
considerably thinner than in the rest of the orchard. 
There was no evidence of fungi or insects. It was evidently a 
weather injury and probably came about in the following man- 
ner: The warm, wet autumn of 1898 induced a late growth 
which made the trees susceptible to winter injury in the severe 
winter of 1898-9; and some of the injured trees which survived 
the drought of 1899 succumbed to the more severe drought of 
1900. The character of the soil was, also, favorable to injury 
from both freezing and drought. 
On one of the knolls beside the dead dwarf pears there were 
some standard pears which were not killed. However, in the 
Hudson Valley we have observed standard pears on heavy clay 
soil dying in the same manner and apparently from the same 
cause. EP 

* Wood, Albert. Experiments with Body Blight on Pear Trees Twelve 
Years Old. Proceedings Forty-sixth Ann. Meeting W. N. Y. Hort. Soc., 
p. 24. 
