200 REPORT OF THE BOTANIST OF THB 
MisceLuANeous Dispases.—Scab (Fusicladium pirinum (Lib.) 
Fekl.) was not troublesome. Leaf blight (Entomosporium 
maculatum Léy.) and leaf spot (Septoria piricola Desm.) both oc- | 
curred sparingly throughout the entire district, but neither was 
destructive. No specimen of genuine rust (Gymnosporangium) 
was taken and russeting of the fruit was not common, Crown 
gall occurs occasionally on pears in the nursery. Brown, corky 
spots within the bark may be caused by hailstones as on other 
fruit trees. The spots are not visible externally. 
PLUM DISEASES. 
Fruit Ror (Monilia fructigena P.).—AI|though considerably less 
destructive than usual, fruit rot was quite prevalent and in 
some cases caused heavy losses. 
Many of -the rotten plums remain on the trees over winter. 
They are called mummy plums or mummies. It is important 
that such plums be removed from the orchard, because they 
harbor the rot fungus and in the spring become centers of in- 
fection. 
We have observed that mummy plums, their pedicels and the 
twigs bearing them are often covered with a black fungus. On 
‘the twig the fungus extends its growth to a distance of two 
to six inches below the mummy plum, but scarcely at all above 
it. Evidently, the fungus lives on the juice which the rain 
washes out of the mummies. Probably, it does the twig little or 
no harm. It grows partly on the surface and partly beneath 
the cuticle, causing an eruption which makes the affected twigs 
quite rough to the touch. Prof. C. H. Peck, to whom the fungus 
was referred for identification states that it is an undescribed 
species for which he proposes the name Coniotheciwm sociale. 
Sunscatp.—Some varieties of plums, particularly Reine 
Claude, are much injured by sunscald. On the southwest side of 
the trunk a strip of dead bark extends from the ground to 
the crotch, or even well up on the larger branches. In the ad- 
vanced stage the dead bark falls away leaving the wood bare. ~ 
With Reine Claude, sunscald is so common that this variety is 
