206 / REPORT OF THE BOTANIST OF THB: 
believed to be the same species. As a rule,it is inconspicuous, 
even when abundant and after the perithecia are formed. 
OTHER DISEASES. Fire blight (Bacillus amylovorus) did con- 
siderable damage, but less than usual. No specimen of rust 
(Gymnosporangium) was taken. Hailstone bruises cause brown, 
corky spots in the bark like those found on other fruit trees. 
RASPBERRY DISEASES. 
ANTHRACNOSB (Gleosporium venetum Speg.).—It appears that 
raspberry anthracnose gave very little trouble in 1900. Neither 
the fruiting canes nor the new growth suffered much from its 
attacks. 
Anthracnose is much more destructive to the black varieties — 
than to the red ones; in fact, it is quite unusual for it to do any 
serious damage to red raspberries. 
During the past season we met with an interesting case in 
which anthracnose was decidedly injurious to red raspberries of 
the variety Cuthbert. However, 'the injury was of a very unusual 
character. Knots of various sizes up to about two inches in 
length made their appearance on the canes. The knots were 
rough, of spongy texture and often had a diameter twice as great 
as that of the normal cane. (See Plate XXVI.) Our attention 
was first called to them in November, 1899, and they puzzled us 
exceedingly. The following spring we visited the affected plan- 
tation and made a careful study ‘of the knots without, however, 
discovering their cause. The plantation was about one-half acre 
in extent, and we estimated that 10 per ct. of the canes were 
more or less affected. 
It was evident that the knots were not'caused by any insect, 
and there seemed to be no fungus present except the’anthracnose . 
fungus, which was not, then, suspected of being the cause of the 
knots. Although the anthracnose fungus is well known it has 
never'been held responsible for knots on the canes. Similar cane- 
knots are sometimes associated with spongy galls on the roots 
(crown gall disease), but in this case it was found that root knots 
