New York AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, oil 
sickly trees thereby hastening their death. The fact that it will 
attack and greatly weaken normal trees, as shown on a su'bse- 
quent page, adds much to its importance as a noxious species. 
The following account of observations during the past late 
summer and fall is preliminary to a more complete account to be 
published later. Especial attention is called to the character of 
the insect and the injury caused by it, by which its presence can 
be easily recognized, and the measures which can be taken this 
winter to hold it in check. 
OBSERVATIONS ON THE WORK OF THE BEETLES IN HEALTHY TREES 
DURING LATE SUMMER AND FALL. 
The work of the beetles at this time of year is of a two-fold 
nature. First, they make shallow holes or short galleries in the 
thick bark of the trunk and large limbs apparently to feed and 
prepare for hibernation. These injuries cause a copious exuda- 
‘tion of sap and consequent weakening of the tree. Second, 
longer galleries are formed in the sapwood of the smaller limbs 
and twigs in which the eggs are laid. Occasionally shallow 
holes are also made in the branches and twigs. 
Injury to the bark of the trunk and large limbs.—The most pro- 
nounced injury to the trunk and large limbs which. has come 
under observation was in three large peach orchards near 
Youngstown, Niagara County. At the beginning of the season 
all three orchards were in a healthy, vigorous condition. Two 
were composed principally of Early and Late Crawfords and 
Reeves Favorite, the third, recently come into bearing, almost 
entirely of Globe. About the first of August sap was seen to 
be exuding from many of the trees. By September 20, when 
they were first seen by the writer, the trunks and large limbs 
of many of the trees were covered with sap. Plate XXXVIII 
will give some idea of the flow of sap from the wounds made 
by the beetles. This plate is from a photograph of a piece of 
bark cut from the trunk of one of the peach trees in the orch- 
ards above referred to. It is not an extreme case, but from an 
average specimen, 
