310 ReporT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY OF THE 
indication of first molt until October 5; after which the insect 
became dormant. 
Summarizing the above: The first molts of 91 larve were 
recorded and the period from birth to molting found to vary 
from 11 to 35 days, the average number being 20.7. The second 
molts of 87 larve were observed and the number of days from 
birth found to vary from 14 to 45 days or an average of 294 days, 
while the period from the first to the second molt in the case of 
five larvee was four days. In all cases there was no constant 
relationship between the stage of development of the scale and 
the molts. 
Rate of growth of the scale—The table on following page 
shows the rate of growth of the scales of three larve during the 
first half of the period of growth. None of the scales lived to 
mature. Ag the growth of the insect and its scale is probably 
at nearly the same rate the measurements are of interest as indi- 
cating the rate of growth of the insect as well as its scale. 
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON DEVELOPMENT, 
The effects of temperature on the development of the scales 
is well understood in a general way. it is a matter of common 
observation that the larve are usually more numerous and active 
during warm than cool days. Also that the half-grown insects 
withstand severe cold, otherwise they could not endure our win- 
ters. But it is yet not fully understood whether young scales 
attached to fruit or nursery stock kept in cold storage will con- 
tinue to develop, are merely checked, or cannot survive. Also 
whether mature scales under the same conditions will survive 
and produce young when brought into higher temperatures. 
The following data was obtained from larve placed on apples 
and kept in rooms having temperatures as follows: Checks kept 
in insectary and office temperacure 72-75° F. developed normally. 
Room 1 had an average temperature 35° F., Room 2, average 
