346 Report OF THE HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT OF THE 
different species, and to a lesser extent the same will be true of 
apple and pear trees. The second explanation is that Sphwropsis 
is not parasitic on these trees. 
The statement was made in Bulletin 163 that the so-called 
species of Spheropsis occurring on apple bark and on decorti- 
cated apple wood are identical and that they are also identical 
with the black rot fungus of apple, pear and quince fruits, 
Spheropsis malorum Pk. It can now be stated that as a result 
of experiments extending through three seasons we have posi- 
tive evidence that this Sphwropsis occurs on apple trees, pear 
trees and hawthorn trees and on apple, pear and quince fruits 
and will grow as well on ove host as on another. There is then, 
no reason for maintaining separate species for the fungus as 
it occurs on these hosts. 
The results also indicate that there are still other hosts for 
the fungus, but further experimentation will be necessary before 
they will be definitely determined. 
SUN-SCALD, SUN-BURN AND CANKER. 
On page 188 of Bulletin 163 reference is made to the occur- 
rence of sun-scald, or winter injury, and its connection with the 
canker fungus. After becoming somewhat familiar with orch- 
ards in a state where sun-scald is a menace to all kinds of fruit 
trees, the writer is convinced that this condition is much more 
common in New York orchards than is commonly supposed. 
Tho 'ongitudinal areas of reddish bark often seen on the south 
and southwest sides of trunk or limb are an indication of sun- 
scald. The tissues of this discolored bark have been killed by 
sun and frost. At the approach of warm weather, fermentation 
may set in and a sour odor be given off from the affected parts. 
A number of trees of the more tender varieties in the Experi- 
ment Station orchards have been ruined by sun-seald and at the 
present time the orchards contain several trees that are ser- 
iously injured. Such injuries may be looked for in any part of 
the State, | 
