396 Report OF THE HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT OF THD 
stamens and the pistil. The stamens, sf, Fig. 12, many in 
number, are next to the petals. They are thread like organs 
tipped with minute yellow sacs which are filled with a very fine 
yellow powder, the pollen. The pistil, p, Fig. 12, and p, Fig. 18, 
is in this case a compound one. It occupies the very center of 
the flower. It is united below and separates above into five 
green threads, which are known as styles. The enlarged tip of 
the style is given a separate name, the stigma, and its rough, 
sticky surface is known as the stigmatic surface, s, Fig. 12, and s, 
Fig. 13. Figure 13 gives the appearance of the flower with the 
petals and stamens ctt off so that the parts of the pistil may be 
readily distinguished. 
The part which finally develops into fruit, 0, Fig. 12, and 0, 
Fig. 18, called the ovary, has within the little egg cells called 
ovules, ov, Fig. 12, and ov, Fig. 18, which if the fruit sets, develop 
into the seeds. If a typical ripe apple be examined five cavities 
will be found in the core, each with two seeds. Likewise the 
center of the ovary has five cavities each with the two ovules 
ready to develop into seeds should they become fertilized, and 
each directly connected with the particular one of the five styles 
which is immediately above it. The stamens may be called the 
male organs of the flower; the pistil, the female. In order that 
the ovules may become fertilized the pollen which is produced 
by the stamens must in some way reach the stigmatic surface of 
the pistil. The pollen may be brought to the pistil by insects 
which pass from flower to flower, or it may reach it in some other 
way. The stigmatic surface of the pistil, when it is ready for 
the pollen, becomes covered with a sticky fluid which easily 
holds any of the pollen that happens to touch it. Within a few 
hours after the pollen reaches the stigmatic surface under favor- 
able conditions, it sprouts and sends out a pollen tube in a way 
somewhat analogous to the sprouting of grain in warm, moist 
soil. Figs. 14 and 15 illustrate the germination of some 
Amaryllis pollen. The pollen tube grows downward through - 
the soft tissues of the style till it reaches the ovule. From the 
pollen tube there then passes into the ovule a substance which 
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