70 Report or THE BovaNIST OF THE 
Especial attention was given to a large Baldwin orchard near 
Williamson, in Wayne County. This orchard offered an excep- 
tional opportunity for studying the effects of spraying because 
a portion of it had been sprayed and the remainder left unsprayed. 
The trees wefe about thirty years old, standing in timothy sod, 
and during late years have been somewhat neglected. <A portion 
of the orchard was sprayed once, about ten days after blooming, 
with bordeaux mixture and paris green. The owner is unable 
te furnish exact information as to the composition of the spray 
mixture, but is of the opinion that the bordeaux contained about 
15 pounds of copper sulphate to each 160 gallons, and that the 
amount of paris green used was 114 pounds to 160 gallons on 
some of the trees and 114, pounds to 160 gallons on other trees. 
The quantity of lime necessary for the bordeaux was determined 
by the yellow prussiate of potash test. 
At the time of our first visit to this orchard, July 10, many 
spotted yellow leaves were falling from the sprayed trees, while 
the unsprayed portion of the orchard was almost entirely free 
_ from such trouble. The contrast in appearance between the 
sprayed and unsprayed trees in adjoining rows was marked. The 
dead, brown spots were of various sizes and shapes; many were 
roundish or circular, with a diameter of two to three millimeters, 
while others were irregular in outline and larger. In all cases 
the line of demarcation between the living and dead tissue was 
sharp and the spots conspicuous. Except for the absence of 
pycnidia, the majority of the spots so closely resembled those of 
the apple leaf spot disease attributed to Phyllosticta spp. as to be 
inseparable from them. Everywhere the dead spots were of this 
same general character and, at this time, entirely free from Phyl- 
losticta pyenidia. 
The orchard was visited again on August 28. At this time 
there were no yellow leaves to be seen: they had fallen and disap- 
peared. Nevertheless the contrast between the sprayed and un- 
‘sprayed portions of the orchard was still striking. On the 
sprayed trees the leaves were badly spotted with the dead, brown 
spots; while on the unsprayed.trees such spots were rare. Some- 
times it required considerable searching to find even a single 
spot. One standing under a sprayed tree and looking through 
