12 ReporT OF THE BOTANIST OF THE 
colored spores, but in size of perithecia and spores it is more like 
Phyllosticta. My opinion is that it is an anomalous Phyllosticta, 
just hovering between that genus and Spheropsis. If I was deal- 
ing with it I should at least make it a variety of P. pirina, but 
probably it would be better to make it a distinct species. 
“ Very truly yours, 
“ CH as sHoePmorss 
Surely the fungus is not far removed from P. pirina. With the 
casual observer it would generally pass for that species. 
Since this Phyllosticta is certainly a saprophyte, why may not 
the closely related P. pirina and P. limitata also be saprophytes? 
Their parasitism has never been proven by inoculation experi- 
ments, and, in certain respects, their behavior is such as to lead 
to the suspicion that they are not parasites. For example, a 
fungous leaf disease of this sort is, theoretically, preventable by 
spraying with fungicides; but observations along this line in- 
dicate that such is not the case either with P. pirina or P. 
limitata. 
Lamson®, speaking of Phyllosticta pirina, says: “As in previous 
years the bordeaux mixture has seemed to have but little effect on 
this disease.” One of the writers® has reported an instance in 
which an apple tree sprayed three times with bordeaux suffered 
severely from leaf spot disease (Phyllosticta limitata). On Long 
Island, where the leaf spot disease is abundant nearly every 
season, it is the common experience of orchardists that spraying 
does not prevent leaf spot. 
Another fact suggesting the non-parasitism of Phyllosticte 
limitata is the tardy appearance of pycnidia. Although the spots 
may appear as soon as the leaves are expanded, they are usually 
destitute of pycnidia until July or later. In fact, a large per- 
centage of the spots never show pycnidia. 
On the same date that the Phyllosticta pycnidia were discov- 
ered on the spots caused by spraying there were collected from 
an unsprayed orchard at Williamson some Baldwin apple leaves 
bearing the same kind of roundish, dead, brown spots (Plate IV, 
Fig. 3). These spots were sparingly inhabited by the same © 
5T..amson, H 
.H. N.H. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 48:146. 
6Stewart, F.C. N.Y. 
Agr. Exp. Sta. Rep. 15:455. 1896. 
