104. Report oF tHE BOTANIST. 
age done by fiea-beetles. They are not entirely controlled, but 
their ravages are materially lessened. Thus, spraying obviates 
the necessity of fighting “ bugs ” and flea-beetles. 
Fairly thorough spraying can be done at a total expense of $1 
per acre for each application. At this rate three sprayings would 
cost $3. The returns which may be expected from such spray- 
ing are 25 to 100 bushels per acre increase in yield. In any 
season the increased yield will cover the expense of spraying, 
and in most seasons there will be a Jarge net profit. 
DIRECTIONS FOR SPRAYING. 
Commence spraying when the plants are six to eight inches 
high and repeat the treatment at intervals of about two weeks as 
long as the plants continue green. Usually six applications will 
be required. The bordeaux mixture should contain six pounds 
of copper sulphate to each 50 gallons. Whenever “bugs” or 
flea-beetles are plentiful add paris green at the rate of one-half 
to three-fourths pound to 50 gallons of bordeaux. Thoroughness 
of application is to be desired at all times, but is especially 
important when flea-beetles are numerous or the weather favor- 
able to blight. When a horse sprayer is used there should be 
two nozzles for each row. 
Those who wish to get along with three sprayings should post- 
pone the first one until there is danger of injury from “ bugs ” 
or fiea-beetles, and then spray thoroughly with bordeaux and 
paris green. The other two sprayings should likewise be thor- 
ough and applied at such times as to keep the foliage protected 
as much as possible during the remainder of the season. Very 
satisfactory results can be obtained from three sprayings. 
A single spraying is far better than none, and will always be 
profitable, but more are better. There is no excuse for using 
paris green alone for “bugs.” Whenever it is necessary to fight 
insects use bordeaux containing paris green. 
