New YorK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 127 
cur in snowy tree cricket wounds is shown by the large number 
of instances in which the cane is covered with Coniothyrium 
pycnidia in the vicinity of the wounds, usually just below them. 
The well known tendency of cricket-injured canes to break at the 
point of attack is probably due, in part, to brittleness induced by 
the Coniothyrium. It appears that the injury done by the snowy 
tree cricket is often much aggravated by the cane blight fungus. 
In some eases Coniothyrium takes possession of the discolored 
areas caused by Sphaerelia rubina, but this is not the rule. 
While Coniothyrium often takes advantage of wounds as de- 
scribed above it is by no means certain that it should be classed 
as a wound parasite. Although not definitely proven by inocu- 
lation experiments there is considerable evidence that the fungus 
is capable of penetrating the unbroken epidermis of raspberry 
canes. It is often found attacking uninjured canes where the 
bark is smooth and the epidermis seemingly intact except as it 
is rupteured by the Coniothyrium pycnidia themselves. 
MODE OF DISSEMINATION. 
For the successful application of preventive measures an accu- 
rate knowledge of the mode of dissemination of the fungus is 
essential. It is in the highest degree important to know the 
means by which the fungus is spread from plant to plant, from 
one plantation to another and into new localities. It must be 
admitted that our knowledge of this subject is very incomplete. 
However, some things are known. 
There can be no doubt that the disease is widely disseminated 
by means of infested nursery stock. Plants taken from badly 
diseased plantations are fairly certain to carry the disease with 
them, on the piece of attached cane or on the dirt about the roots. 
It is not necessary to assume that every plant is affected at the 
beginning. If a few plants here and there carry the disease with 
them it gradually spreads to other plants in the plantation in 
various ways. 
Wind and dashing rains drive the spores from cane to cane, 
and by the washing of the soil, spores may be carried to other 
parts of the plantation or even to neighboring plantations. Birds 
and insects probably carry the spores to a limited extent. The 
