242 REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY OF THE 
The extent to which young trees may be injured was well 
illustrated along the western shore of Seneca Lake during the 
spring of 1899. In-one orchard in the vicinity of Earls, several 
young plum and cherry trees were badly broken as a result of 
the punctures of the females. Another case near Dresden was 
that of a small vineyard in which the cicadas appeared in large 
numbers. When seen by the writer, June 9, nearly all of the 
vines were badly broken and in most cases the new growth 
wilted. An examination showed that the cicadas had selected 
the growth of the previous year in which to deposit their eggs, 
thus causing the new growth to wilt and finally die. As a 
result of the attack this vineyard produced very little fruit that 
year. Old wounds caused by deposition of the eggs afford lodg- 
ment for other insects, especially the woolly aphis, thus result- 
ing in a secondary injury which may be of a serious nature. 
How the eggs are deposited— The eggs are deposited in the 
twigs of both fruit and forest trees and of vines. In fact all 
kinds of trees are attacked except evergreens. At Plate XXV, 
which is from a snap shot from life, a female is shown, natural 
size, in the act of deposiling her eggs in the branch of a young 
_apple tree. She is enabled to place her eggs within the twig 
by means of her sharp ovipositor. This is a very strong instru- 
ment of a tough horny substance. It is spear shaped and con- 
sists of three pieces, the support or back piece and two lateral 
blades which slide up and down upon it and which have saw-like 
teeth on the edges. When ready to deposit eggs the female 
slowly forces her ovipositor into the twig, splintering the wood 
and placing the eggs at a slight angle close together and in 
double rows. The two converging double rows are deposited at 
one time. It has been estimated that a single female will 
lay from 800 to 600 eggs. The external evidence that eggs have 
been deposited is made very plain by the bits of splintered wood 
that project above the surface of the bark as shown at Plate 
XXIII, Fig. 3. Fig. 4 is from a photomicrograph showing the 
twig much enlarged, cut open lengthwise exposing part of one 
row of eggs. The period of incubation usually varies from about 
six to seven weeks. 
