254  ReporT oF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY OF THE 
The facts that the adults have been kept alive in breeding cages 
until late in October, see p. 250, and found active in the orchards 
late in August furnish evidence strongly indicating that the 
adults live over winter. 
SUMMARY OF LIFE HISTORY. 
The caterpillars appear in June and feed upon both leaves 
and fruit. In about two weeks they are full grown. The chry- 
salis is naked and found in secluded places in the injured leaves 
or upon the bark or under rubbish, or in the grass under the 
trees. The adults appear in about ten days. It is probable that 
they hibernate, making but one annual brood. Young larve 
found in September indicate a partial second brood. Little is 
known of the egg laying habits. It is a natural supposition 
that they are laid in the spring on the twigs or leaves. 
METHODS OF CONTROL. 
The sudden appearance and equally sudden disappearance of 
this insect have given practically no opportunity for experiment 
with remedies. But as the caterpillars feed openly on the leaf 
tissue, Spraying with arsenical compounds would without doubt 
prove effectual. During the outbreak of this insect in 1900 it 
was very noticeable that the orchards that had been sprayed 
were comparatively free. One case especially, that came under 
the writer’s observation, illustrated this. This orchard had not 
been sprayed that season, and was overrun with the insects. 
Two other orchards in the neighborhood that had not been 
sprayed were also infested while the sprayed orchards were in 
every case practically free. 
III. WHITE GRUBS ATTACKING ASTER PLANTS. 
The larve of the May beetle, Lachnosterna fusca Froh., and 
allied species feed upon the roots of a large variety of plants. 
The adults or beetles feed upon the leaves of a variety of trees 
and shrubs. In western New York nursery stock, especially 
young fruit trees, is often seriously injured. The grubs of the 
