New YorK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 339 
RESULTS. 
The trees were examined frequently, the final examination 
being made November 18. None of the trees showed evidence 
of injury. The scales were killed on trees 1 to 9 except as in 
previous instances upon an occasional branch which escaped 
thorough treatment. The scales upon trees 10 and 11, however, 
which were sprayed with whitewash only, did not seem to be 
affected. They were as abundant as upon the check trees. 
The adhesiveness of the washes used in these experiments was 
not so pronounced as in the case of the winter treatment, but in 
all cases except where the whitewash alone was used the trees 
remained white for several weeks. The whitewash weathered 
off rapidly. 
Ill. EXPERIMENTS IN MAKING A LIME-SULPHUR 
| WASH WITHOUT BOILING. 
The principal objection to the use of the lime-sulphur washes 
is the expense and inconvenience, in most cases, of boiling. A 
number of experiments have been made at the Station recently 
with a view to devising a method that will produce a satisfactory 
wash without boiling with fire. In these experiments strong 
alkalies were used to dissolve the sulphur, including Babbitt’s. 
potash and caustic soda. The alkalies were used in various pro- 
portions with the sulphur but from one-fourth to one-half pound 
of alkali to each pound of sulphur seemed to be enough. Caustic 
soda, ground, is probably to be preferred to the potash as it 
seems to be as effectual and is cheaper. The salt being omitted, 
as apparently having no value in this method of preparing the 
wash, the formula for 60 gallons would include the ingredients 
given on page 394 with from 5 to 10 pounds of caustic soda (or 
potash) in place of the salt. 
In the preparation of the mixture the lime was slaked, pre- 
ferably with warm water, and while it was slaking vigorously 
the sulphur, which had been made into a thin paste, was added 
and thoroughly mixed with the slaking lime. The caustic soda 
was then added, with water as needed, and the whole stirred 
thoroughly. As soon as the chemical action had ceased the 
required amount of water, preferably hot water, was added and 
