400 Report oF THE HoRTICULTURIST OF THE 
tions of the tree. The trunk and larger limbs may then be washed 
with thick Bordeaux mixture or with one of the washes that are 
recommended for this purpose. The following formula is given as 
a type of these washes, as it contains the important ingredients: 
WASH FoR TREE TRUNKS. 
Whale. oil soan... /. .428 Sea i te ] pint. 
Plakced ile stan so at eee ee ane ie eo ar 3 pints. 
A aR pelt aie ADD 1d, en gee tole fete aac I ge AE tent By MA eae 9 4 gallons. 
Woodyashesiy, gusict ul cbse eal. ake eee eet ete To thicken as desired. 
Dissolve the soap in hot water, then stir in the hme. When 
the ingredients have been reduced to a smooth state by stirring, 
dilute with water to four gallons, then stir in wood ashes till the 
wash is of the desired consistency. 
FIRE BLIGHT. 
The same as the “ Fire Blight of the Pear” discussed on page 
443, 
FLY SPECK. | 
(Leptothyrium pomi (Mont. & Fr.) Sace.) 
This disease, although commonly associated with sooty blotch, 
on both apples and pears, is probably distinct from it. It appears 
as groups of black dots resembling large fly specks. The specks 
are not caused by any insect but by a fungus which, lke the sooty 
blotch fungus, is confined exclusively to the surface of the fruit. 
The treatment for fly speck is the same as for sooty blotch. 
See page 405. 
LEAF-SPOT. 
(Phyllosticta spp.) 
Description.—This disease is caused by two very closely related 
species of fungi. It attacks only the foliage. Very soon after 
the buds break, the young leaves show small, reddish-brown spots. 
As the leaves grow, the spots enlarge. When the leaves are full 
grown the spots are brown, brittle, circular, with sharply defined 
outline, and vary in diameter from one-twelfth to one-fourth of 
