Crops and Combinations Suitable for Fall Seedings 
For Grain Production For Forage Production 
Forward Wheat Rye-Vetch (70-30) Mixture 
Nittany (Pa. 44) Wheat Wheat-Vetch (70-30) Mixture 
Thorne Wheat Timothy 
Kentucky #1 Barley Bluegrass 
Rosen Rye Redtop 
For Green Manure or For Winter Cover 
Selected Rye 
Selected Wheat 
Hairy Vetch 
Rye-Vetch (70-30) Mixture 
Wheat-Vetch (70-30) Mixture 
Crimson Clover 
Domestic Ryegrass 
Preparation of the Seedbed 
The seedbed for fall seeding should be loose and finely pulverized 
on the surface 3 to 4 inches while the soil below that should be firm 
and moist. Weeds should be well controlled and fertility should 
be at least moderately high. 
When weeds have previously been kept down a most desirable 
physical condition of the seedbed can be prepared by thorough 
disking and harrowing. When it is necessary to plow, it should be 
done a long enough time (2 to 3 weeks) before seeding to afford 
sufficient firming of the bed and to provide plant material plowed 
under time to begin to decay. 
The importance of a good seedbed cannot be too strongly em- 
phasized. Thorough preparation may help in offsetting the effects 
of drought and other conditions unfavorable to the vigorous growth 
of the young seedlings. It always increases the chances for success 
with fall seedings. 
Time of Seeding 
Winter grains should be sown early enough to allow the plants 
to become well started before continued freezing weather begins. 
They should not however, be sown so early that they start jointing 
that fall. Where Hession Fly is troublesome, wheat should not be 
sown until after the fly has laid its eggs. This time varies with 
season and location and can only be determined locally, but usually 
in the vicinity of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, wheat seeding after 
September 20 is safe; but should be delayed one day later for each 
15 miles of distance farther south or for each 100 feet decrease in 
altitude. Likewise, it can be stepped ahead one day for each 15 
miles of distance north or for each 100 feet increase in altitude. 
In Massachusetts wheat should be seeded early in September. 
Excessive dampness tends to hasten the emergence of the fly, 
