A mixture of timothy with legumes is usually easier to cure and 
more palatable to livestock than the legumes alone, but it is prefer- 
able to sow the legumes early the following spring unless sown early 
enough in the fall (late August or early September) to become well 
established before winter. 
Timothy’s one weakness as a pasture grass is its slowness to re- 
cover and make abundant “‘second growth” after being cut or 
grazed. Many special strains of timothy for hay or for pasture are 
being selected or developed, but the seed of no especially superior 
strain is yet available in commercial quantities. 
Eastern States timothy seed is carefully purchased, cleaned, 
and tested to assure high viability and freedom from seeds of other 
crops and of weeds. 
Smooth Brome Grass is one of the most winter-hardy and drought- 
resistant perennial grasses. It is very palatable to all livestock 
either as hay or pasture even when fairly mature. Grown on fertile 
soil or in legume combinations it is highly nutritious and a mixture 
of brome with alfalfa or ladino is much easier to cure for hay than 
the legumes alone. Unlike timothy, it recovers quickly after cutting 
or pasturing and makes good successive crops the same season. It 
starts growth slowly and is usually more productive after the first 
season. 
Although more often spring sown, August or early September 
seedings are very satisfactory. Because the seed is light and wing- 
tipped it cannot satisfactorily be sown mixed with other grasses and 
legumes, but can be mixed with a light seeding of oats or possibly 
with barley or wheat or with fertilizer through a grain drill. 
Redtop — This perennial grass is especially tolerant to acidity 
and to wet soils; otherwise it has little justification for use in a 
seeding mixture. It is fine-textured and palatable when harvested 
young. The seeds are extremely small (4 to 6 million per pound) 
and the plant is aggressive and spreads by underground stolons, so 
only a few pounds of seed per acre should ever be sown in a mixture. 
All Eastern States seed is of the ‘Fancy Solid’”’ grade containing 
the minimum amount of the chaff so common in redtop seed. The 
legal weight per bushel of redtop seed is 14 pounds while Eastern 
States seed averages 40 pounds or better. 
Fertilizer for Fall-Seeded Forage Crops 
Most forage crop seedings remain ‘“‘down”’ for from two to several 
years. The number of years during which they will continue to 
produce and the annual yields will be determined in large part by the 
fertility foundation built into soils before they are seeded. 
When forage and winter grain crops are seeded together, the 
mineral fertilizer treatment should be one which will meet the needs 
of both. A fertilizer application of from 125 to 250 pounds per acre 
of Eastern States 0-24-12 for grain alone should have added to it 
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