Culture — Fall and Winter Squashes 
One ounce of seed plants 20 hills — 4 lbs. 
per acre. Plant after danger of frost, 1’’ deep 
in 8’ by 8’ hills, 6 seeds per hill. Thin to 2 or 3 
plants per hill. Keep down weeds and control 
leaf-feeding insects and the stalk borer. 
TOMATO 
Pennheart — An extra early variety devel- 
oped by Dr. C. E. Myers of Pennsylvania State 
College and first grown commercially in 1943. 
The vine is dwarf or determinate, developing 
to only about 30’’ in diameter. The plants 
should be started medium early and not sub- 
jected to any checks in growth before setting 
in the field. They then produce heavily over a 
short early period before standard vine varieties 
yield a commercial picking. Foliage is held well 
giving considerable protection from sunscald. 
Fruits are generally smooth, flattened globe in 
shape, deep red in color, often with a green 
shoulder, and weigh 5 to 7 ozs. 
This variety is intended to be useful only for 
a first early crop. Close planting — 18” x 30” 
— produces a heavy yield for the area occupied 
before the standard vine varieties come into 
production; and after the early crop is harvested 
there is still time to produce some quick grow- 
ing crop on the same land. 
Bonny Best (Shirley) — Selected for earli- 
ness, vines somewhat susceptible to blight, 
medium size, fruit protection by foliage fair. 
Fruits are a flattened globe, 5-6 ozs., smooth, 
of deep red color, thick-walled, and mature 
rapidly. 
Stokesdale — A highly productive, red- 
fruited variety in the John Baer season (73 
days) and resistant to fusarium wilt. The vine 
is vigorous and leafy, but it fruits so heavily 
that some extra nitrogen must usually be sup- 
plied about the time the first fruits ripen to 
retain the foliage. The fruits are of medium 
size, 5 oz., globular, 5 to 6-celled and medium 
red. 
Pritchard — A second early variety devel- 
oped by the USDA and noted for disease re- 
sistance. Fruits are large, smooth, globular, 
solid, with thick walls and small seed cavity, 
scarlet in color and self-topping. A good 
variety for market and home gardens and for 
canning. The plant is very prolific and vigorous 
in growth, affording excellent protection for 
the fruit from sun scalding. 
Marglobe — Developed by the USDA and 
noted for its high yields and resistance to 
fusarium wilt. Plant is medium to large and 
affords good fruit protection. Fruit is medium 
to large, globe-shaped, bright red, smooth, 
thick-walled, good quality and borne in clus- 
ters of 4 or 5. Used extensively for homes, 
market and canning. 
Rutgers — Developed by the New Jersey 
Experiment Station from a cross of J.T.D. and 
Marglobe. The vines are vigorous and rank 
growing under moist conditions. The fruit is 
deep scarlet, firm fleshed and of flattened globe 
shape, larger than Marglobe. For proper 
growthand fruiting, nitrogen applications must 
be withheld until after fruit setting; nitrogen 
can then be applied as a side-dressing. 
Tomato Culture 
One ounce of seed should produce 3000 
plants, enough for 34 acre unpruned or 4 acre 
staked and pruned. Sow in greenhouse early in 
March (7 to 9 weeks before planting). Trans- 
plant to 2’” x 2’’ or more to avoid crowding. 
Harden off and transplant to the field after 
danger of frost, about May 15 or earlier if pro- 
tected. Set 2’ x 4’ if to be staked and pruned or 
3’ to 344’ x 4’ if to be left on the ground. 

TURNIP 
Purple Top White Milan — An early vari- 
ety for forcing or field culture. Tops are small 
and compact with strap leaves. Roots have 
purple top with white base, grow 3’’ to 4” in 
diameter, deep but flat, white-fleshed, sweet 
and tender. For the early crop sow seed from 
April 1 to May 1; late crop July 15 to August 1. 
Purple Top White Globe — Should be 
planted in late July to August 1, as it makes its 
best development in cool fall weather. The root 
is globular in shape, 3 to 4’’ in diameter, purple 
above ground and white below. The flesh is 
crisp, white, fine-grained, sweet, mild and 
tender. Tops are dark green, lobed, large and 
erect. 
Amber Globe — A yellow-fleshed variety for 
fall planting. Later maturing than Purple Top 
White Globe so should be planted correspond- 
ingly earlier. When grown in midsummer, flesh 
becomes bitter. Roots semi-globular, 5’’ to 6” 
in diameter. Flesh pale yellow, fine-grained, 
tender and sweet. 
(Also see Rutabaga varieties.) 
Turnip Culture 
As for all root crops the seedbed should be 
deeply prepared and well fertilized. One ounce 
of seed will plant 300’ of row —2 Ibs. per 
acre. For early crop, seed as early as ground can 
be prepared, for late crop, in late July or in 
August or just in time to allow maturity before 
hard freezes. Sow 4”’ deep in 12’’ to 18’ rows. 
Thin seedlings to 4’’ to 6’’. Removals may be 
used for greens. For late crop, seed is sometimes 
broadcast and raked in lightly using 2 to 4 
Ibs. per acre. For storage, leave roots in the 
ground until late fall, then harvest before a 
hard frost and store in a cool, moist cellar. 
