REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST IQ17 63 
fourths of a pint to too gallons of water, to which are added 6 to 8 
pounds of anv cheap soap to increase its spreading properties. 
Ordinarily remedial measures are unnecessary. 
GALL INSECTS 
White oak club gall (Andricus clavula O.S.). Speci- 
mens of this gall were received February 14, 1917 from the Munson- 
Whitaker Company of New York, accompanied by the statement 
that something had been causing one or two trees to die yearly. 
An examination of material revealed an interesting condition in 
that galls were very rarely found on wood more than three years 
old, indicating that infested bianches are likely to break off or that 
the infestation was of limited extent. In addition, a number of 
enlarged buds were found infested by maggots, possibly the alternate 
generation of this species. From go to 95 per cent of the twigs or 
branches in the series of samples about 2 feet long either bore galls 
or had one or more of the terminal buds infested by maggots. The 
following is a Summary of the condition of a few of the branches. 
Branch 1 bore four old and three last year galls and eight infested 
buds. Branch 2 had six old and six last year galls and five infested 
buds. Branch 3 had six last year galls and one infested bud. 
Branch 4 had three old and six last year galls and six infested buds. 
Branch 5 had one old and five last year galls and five infested buds. 
It is difficult to give a percentage estimate of the number of buds 
infested, though in most instances the few branches not bearing 
galls were very likely to show infested buds. This weakening of 
the circulation due to the development of the galls and the inter- 
ference with the growth of the tree as a result of the blasting of the 
buds has very probably reacted upon the vigor of the infested trees 
and may have been an important factor in reducing their vitality. 
The conditions suggest that further investigation is desirable in 
order to determine more accurately the effect these insects may 
have upon the host. 
Ribbed bud gall (Andricus gemmarius Ashm.). The 
galls of this insect are occasionally so numerous as to attract hosts 
of honey-gathering insects, such as bees and flies, due to the abun- 
dant sweetish secretion exuded during early summer. Specimens 
of these galls were received under date of June roth from Mrs Wil- 
liam G. Drake, Newton, N. J., accompanied by the statement that 
attention was at first drawn to the infestation by the humming or 
the “ roaring ’’ of the numerous insects in the tree and an examina- 
