376 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
an elevation of 4,000 feet, 1,200 meters, above sea-level, about 400 feet, 120 
meters, west of the stairway. 
This is a medium-grained fresh granite which possesses no banded 
structure. The diverse colors of the several minerals give it an unusually 
variegated appearance. In a background of glassy quartz and feldspars 
are set abundant shining crystals of jet-black biotite. Other feldspars of a 
reddish color, and an abundance of light-green epidote, likewise affect the 
color of the mass. Upon closer inspection it is also possible to distinguish 
crystals of pyrite and titanite. 
The rock is composed largely of orthoclase, microcline, sodic feldspar, 
quartz, and biotite, together with titanite and secondary epidote. ‘The less 
abundant primary constituents are magnetite, pyrite, and apatite. As 
decomposition products developed from one or more of the foregoing 
minerals one finds chlorite, muscovite, and saussuritic aggregates. 
The plagioclase occurs in idiomorphic prisms, many of which are twinned 
according to the Carlsbad law. Advanced decay of this feldspar renders a 
precise identification difficult, but the available data indicate that it is 
albite. In among these albites are packed irregular grains of quartz and 
other feldspars. In the process of alteration the plagioclase is being 
replaced by epidote, zoisite, muscovite, and the other minerals which 
are usually grouped under the term ‘‘saussurite.”’ 
The microcline and much of the orthoclase are almost unaltered, and 
are evidently secondary crystals; there are also many large altered ortho- 
clases which appear to be primary constituents of the rock. 
The quartz is filled with minute hair-like crystals, such as Hawes* 
considered to be rutile. 
The large leaves of biotite are arranged without order. Inclusions of 
apatite are numerous. ‘The mineral is partly altered to epidote and quartz 
and also in other cases to chlorite. As a rule the epidote occurs in rather 
well-formed crystals which are set abruptly into the edges of the mica 
flakes. 
Titanite is present in unusually large reddish masses, many of which 
may be seen in the hand-specimen. Wherever it is adjacent to the biotite 
there is a narrow dark and highly pleochroic zone in the latter bordering 
the sphene crystals. Ilmenite and pyrite occur as usual in small irregular 
bodies, the former associated with the titanite. The pyrite is usually 
surrounded bya black border which is probably pseudomorphic magnetite. 
Only a moderate amount of mechanical deformation is indicated by 
this slide. The quartzes have strain-shadows, the micas are frequently bent, 
and some of the feldspars have been fractured. In the writer’s opinion the 

* Mineralogy and lithology of New Hampshire, 1878, p. 45. 
