ROCKS FROM NORTHERN AND CENTRAL CHINA. 477 
RESUME OF LITERATURE CONTAINING DESCRIPTIONS OF THE 
ROCKS OF CHINA. 
Although several geologists have made extensive journeys in China 
and have even brought home collections of rock specimens, very little 
study of a detailed nature seems to have been made of the rocks of the 
Empire. In most of the reports of such expeditions, the rocks are merely 
referred to by name or are described in a brief way from examination of 
specimens in the field. The microscope has been used in only a few cases. 
In the following list of reports dealing with Chinese rocks, the author 
enumerates all of the publications containing even brief descriptions of 
Chinese rocks, which have come to his notice. 
1867.* 
Pumpelly, R: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, vol. xv, Geological Researches in China, 
Mongolia, and Japan, 1862-1866. 
The author describes a variety of rocks from the gorges and lower valley of the Yang- 
tzi river and from the district northwest of Peking. The descriptions are as complete 
as could well be made before the days of the petrographical microscope. 
1872. 
David, Armand: Journal de mon 3me voyage d’exploration dans l’empire Chinois, Paris, 1872, 
Although Pére David laid small claim to being a geologist, the story of his travels 
from Peking southwestward across the Tsin-ling mountains to Han-chung-fu, and thence 
by boat down the canyons of the Han river, contains many detailed observations upon 
the rocks which he saw. The Abbé appears to have made no collection of specimens and 
the names he gives are, therefore, based entirely on inspection in the field. 
1880. 
Pabst, Wilhelm: Untersuchung von Chinesischen und Japanischen zur Porzellanfabrication verwandten 
Gesteinsvorkommnissen, Zeitschrift der Deutsch. Geol. Gesel. 1880, pp. 223-244. 
This paper describes a series of 18 specimens which were collected by Richthofen in 
China. The majority of them are materials used in the manufacture of porcelain in the 
province of Kiang-si, together with certain more or less decomposed rocks which are 
associated with them. 
1882, 
Richthofen, Ferdinand von: China; Ergebnisse einiger Reise und darauf gegrindeter Studien, vol. 11. 
The researches of Baron von Richthofen were the most extensive which have yet been 
attempted in China. He describes rocks from a wide range of localities. The greater 
number of them have been named simply from field observations. His report contains 
no petrographic descriptions of a detailed character. 

* Dates refer to the publication of the report and not to the travels described, 
