498 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
species, is common. It remains here through the winter, and dips without hesitation into 
partially frozen streams on the coldest days. The alarm note of this species is a loud 
metallic ‘‘penk.’’ One also hears, even at this season, its vivacious wren-like song. 
Cinclus pallasii TeEmmincK. Pallas’s dipper. 
Cinclus pallasit TEMMINCK: Man. d’Ornith, ed. 2, 1820, 1, 1776 (Crimea). 
This species replaces the last in the Ts’in-ling mountains and the higher regions of 
southern Shen-si. The habits of the two birds are similar. 
TROGLODYTID&. 
Olbiorchilus fumigatus idius RICHMOND (new subsp.). Chi-li Winter-wren, 
This little wren is found among the mountains of southeastern China during the 
winter, but seems to be rather rare at that season. <A single specimen was seen in a rocky 
ravine on the T’ai-shan, Shan-tung, in November. We encountered a few others among 
the rugged mountains about Foéu-p’ing-hién, in Chi-li, and the Wu-t’ai-shan region, Shan-si, 
in January. It seems to prefer gulches where large boulders and ledges of rock afford 
abundant chinks and crevices. At this season of the year the bird is comparatively silent 
and was always seen alone. 
Specimen No. 6014. Collected November 11, 1903, at an elevation of 2,000 feet, 600 
meters, on T’ai-shan, Shan-tung. 
Specimen No. 6017. Collected January 16, 1904, at Wang-kuai-chon, Chi-li. 
Dr. Richmond’s description of this new variety and his remarks upon it are as follows: 
““Type—Adult male, No. 192449, U. S. National Museum; Wang-kuai-chén, Chi-li, China, Jan. 16 
1904; Eliot Blackwelder (original number, 6017). Top of head, nape and mantle brown (between wood- 
brown and sepia of Ridgway’s Nomenclature of Colors), becoming tinged with burnt umber on the back 
and rump; upper tail-coverts mummy brown, the feathers (as are also those of the mantle, back, and rump) 
somewhat narrowly barred with blackish. Wings dusky brown, barred with wood-brown and buffy-white 
on the outer webs of outer primaries; inner primaries, secondaries, and tertiaries Mars brown externally, 
barred or mottled with blackish; lesser wing-coverts like the mantle, and indistinctly barred with blackish; 
middle coverts similar, but some of the feathers tipped with white; greater coverts Mars brown, barred 
with blackish, some of the feathers with narrow buffy tips; primary coverts like the latter, but without 
paler tips; tail feathers mummy brown, darker on the inner webs, irregularly barred with black. Lores and 
chin wood brown, becoming drab on the middle of the throat; sides of throat, sides of neck and chest broc- 
coli brown, tinged with wood brown, the chest rather plentifully dotted with small dusky spots; sides of 
head and ear coverts streaked with wood brown, the streaks becoming less distinct on the sides of the 
neck; superciliary stripe pale wood brown, passing to the posterior border of the ear-coverts; breast, sides 
of body and abdomen pale drab, inclining to cinnamon on the sides, barred and mottled with dusky, more 
heavily on the abdomen and flanks, where some of the feathers have whitish tips; under tail-coverts mummy 
brown barred with blackish and tipped with white; under wing-coverts and edges of wing pale drab-gray 
barred with blackish. Wing, 52.5; tail, 33.5; tarsus, 18; culmen, 15 mm. 
“This form is much lighter than fumigatus, dauricus, or ntpalensis, almost as pale, in fact,as some specimens 
of neglectus in fresh plumage; but it differs from the latter in having the pale streaks extending on the sides 
of the neck and in the more conspicuous whitish tips on the middle wing-coverts. In these characters it 
agrees with Sharpe’s description of talifuensis (Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, x11, 1902, p. 11) but that bird is 
said to be nearest to nipalensis, which is very dark above and below. O. t1betana, of Walton, is a much 
larger bird.” 
Another example of this new form was collected at T’ai-an-fu, Shan-tung province, 
November 11, 1903. It is a female and differs from the type mainly in being slightly 
darker or more rusty on the upper surface, and in having the pale streaks on the sides of 
the neck more pronounced. These differences are probably due to its fresher plumage. 
