504 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
Acanthis linaria holboelli (BREHM). Holboell’s Redpoll. 
Linaria holboelli BREHM: Handb. Vég. Deutschl., 1831, 280 (Germany). 
This wide-spread linnet was found in the Shan-tung mountains in November and in 
western Chi-li later in the winter. The Chinese make some use of it as a cage-bird and it 
gozs by the name of ‘‘Hung-ku-t’ow”’ (red bone bird). 
Specimen No. 6007. Collected November 3, 1903, at Ch’ang-hia, Shan-tung. 
Carpodacus roseus (PALLAS). Rosefinch. 
Fringilla rosea PALLAS: Reise Russ. Reichs, m1, 1776, 699 (Baikal region). 
Winters in central Shan-tung and Shan-si. In the latter province it was occasionally 
observed in small flocks, feeding upon the seeds of dry weeds in the heads of mountain 
gulches, in February. 
Specimen No. 6005. Collected October 30, 1903, at Ch’ang-hia, Shan-tung. 
Specimen No. 6031. Collected February 29, 1904, in a mountain ravine (elevation 
6,500 feet, 2,000 meters), south of Hin-chéu, Shan-si. 
(?) Loxia curvirostra albiventris (SWINHOE). White-bellied Crossbill. 
Loxia albiventris SWINHOE: Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1870, 437 (near Peking). 
Crossbills were not uncommon in November, in the cedar groves of Shan-tung. The 
current name among the Chinese is ‘‘Chou-p’u-tsui.” 
Leucosticte brunneonucha (BRANDT). Brown-naped Leucosticte. 
Fringilla brunneonucha BranprT: Bull. Sci. Acad. St. Petersb., x, 1842, 252 (Kamschatka). 
In February we saw a large flock of these birds on the grassy summit of the mountain 
south of the Hin-chéu basin, Shan-si, at an elevation of 6,500 feet, 2,000 meters. Their 
flight was swift and gyratory and they were always restless. 
(?) Calcarius lapponicus (LinNajus). Lapland Longspur. 
Fringilla lapponica LINNUS: Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, 180 (Lapland). 
In Shan-tung and Chi-li the writer heard the characteristic notes of this bird frequently 
as flocks of them passed overhead; but as the birds were never seen clearly the identifica- 
tion is not conclusive. 
Passer montanus (LINN&US). Tree Sparrow. 
Fringilla montana LinNa&us: Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, 183 (Europe). 
From the time that we entered Manchuria at the north, until we left China at Shang- 
hai, scarcely a day passed in which we did not see this sparrow, which is known among the 
Chinese as ‘‘Cha-ch’iau.”” Like their congeners in the United States these chattering, 
bickering sparrows are to be found in every city, town, and village at all seasons of the year. 
Passer rutilans (TEMMINCK). Japanese Sparrow. 
Fringilla rutilans TEMMINCK: Pl, Col. m1 (Livr. 99), 1835, plate 588 (Japan). 
Among the isolated rice-farms of Shen-si, south of the Ts’in-ling divide, this is a fairly 
common bird. It is by no means such a house-loving species as the last, but prefers the 
groves and trees adjoining the farmyards. 
(?) Pycnorhamphus sp. 
In the wooded valleys of the southern Ts’in-lings and Han river, we occasionally saw 
a dark grosbeak which closely resembles P. carnetpes Hodgson. It differs from the latter, 
however, in having a coral-red beak. It is possible that this is an undescribed species of 
the genus, and for the benefit of future explorers of this region the original field description 
of it is appended: 
‘A stout bird about the size of the pine grosbeak (United States). The male is mostly dull brownish- 
black, shading into dark cinnabar green on the lower breast and abdomen. A patch of white on the prima- 
ries. Beak very stout and coral red. The female differs only in having the body-color dull dark greenish, 
changing to a bluish-green tinge on the primaries, below the white patch.” 
