506 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
Emberiza passerina Patias. Pallas’s Bunting. 
Emberiza passerina PALLAS: Reise Russ. Reichs, 1, 1771, 456 (Siberia (?), ““Obs. ad Iaicum 
autumno’’). 
This Siberian species evidently winters in northern China, but we observed it on only 
one occasion. Several were flushed from the short grass bordering a frozen river in the 
western mountains of Chi-li, in January. 
Specimen No. 6020. Collected January 18, 1904, near Wang-k’uai-chon, Chi-li. 
Emberiza pusilla Patias. Dwarf Bunting. 
Emberiza pusilla PALLAS: Reise Russ. Reichs, 11, 1176, 697 (‘‘ Dauuria’’). 
This little bunting was fairly common in Shen-si in the spring. It was first seen on the 
plain of the Wei-ho, in the shrubbery about the villages, and later we met with it more 
frequently in the Ts’in-ling mountains, as far south as the Han river. The birds were found 
nesting in dense undergrowth, at Tsai-kia-kuan, May 5. 
Specimen No. 6038. Collected April 8, 1904, along the roadside west of Si-an-fu, 
Shen-si. 
CLASS MAMMALIA. 
Mammals are by no means common in most parts of northern China. 
In the more densely populated portions of the empire the reasons for this 
are obvious: the forests have been destroyed, the human race appropriates 
almost all of the vegetation capable of supporting mammals, and the larger 
quadrupeds are of course exterminated by hunters. In the mountains a 
variety of mammals still remain, but they are much rarer than they would 
be if the natural forest cover had not been so extensively destroyed. 
It was not possible to devote much time during our journey to the col- 
lection of mammals and, on account of the fact that as a class they are less 
often seen than other animals, we made few observations on them in the 
field. We are indebted to Mr. Gerrit 5. Miller, Jr., for the taxonomic por- 
tion of the brief notes which follow. 
ANNOTATED LIST OF MAMMALS, 
Moschus sp. Muskdeer. 
A species of this genus is found in the Ts’in-ling mountains, but it appears to be very 
uncommon. The animals are hunted assiduously by the natives and are valued not only 
for their musk but also for the small tusks in the upper jaw. These teeth are used by the 
Chinese in their medical practices and are said to act as charms or talismans to drive off 
various pains and ills. 
(?) Sus scrofa (var.). Wald boar. 
Wild swine seem to be common in the Ts’in-ling mountains. According to the natives 
they are very destructive to growing crops, especially potatoes. The animals descend at 
night upon the village fields in small droves, and the inhabitants are obliged to station 
watchers every night before the crops are harvested. Even this practice is not always 
successful. 
