FAUNAL PROVINCES OF THE CAMBRIAN IN ASIA. 57 
The largest fauna is that of the Shan-tung subprovince. This includes 
the Cambrian area in Shan-tung and its extension northward in Manchuria. 
The species common to the Shan-tung and Manchuria areas are: 
Protospongia chloris Orthotheca cyrene Liostracina krausei 
Micromitra (Iphidella) pannula — Orthotheca delphus Shantungia spinifera 
ophirensis A gnostus chinensis Solenopleura agno 
Obolus chinensis A gnostus douvilléi Soleno pleura beroe 
Obolus damesi Dorypyge richthofeni Anomocare megalurus 
Obolus shansiensis Teinistion typicalis Anomocare minus 
Acrothele matthewi eryx Stephanocare sinensis Anomocare subquadratum 
Acrotreta pacifica Blackwelderia sinensis Anomocarella chinensis 
Acrotreta shantungensis Damesella brevicaudata Anomocarella temenus 
Hyolithes cybele Drepanura premesnili Dolichometopus deois 
The Shan-si subprovince! has five species of Middle Cambrian fossils 
and one Upper Cambrian species common to it and to the southern Shan-tung 
Province area in Shan-tung, as follows: 
LOWER CuH’ANG-HIA FaunA.—Obolus obscurus, Obolus shanstensis, Acrotreta shan- 
tungensis, Agnostus chinensis, Crepicephalus damia. 
CuH’AU-MI-TIEN Fauna.—Plectorthis kayseri. 
With the Manchurian extensions of the Shan-tung Province the Shan-si 
fauna has five species in common, as follows: 
SHAN-SI AND MANcHuRIA.—Obolus shansiensis, Acrotreta shantungensis, Orthotheca 
glabra, Agnostus chinensis. 
In southern China, as previously stated [p. 50], there is no record pointing 
to a connection between the Punjab—Man-t’o sea and the Lower Cambrian 
seas of northern Siberia, or western North America. 
In Middle Cambrian time, as stated by Reed, the Spiti fauna is more 
strongly related to that of western North America than to any other Middle 
Cambrian fauna [Reed, 1910, pp. 64 and 65]. So far as China is concerned, 
the northern Indian fauna is that of another faunal province. 
The Cambrian fauna of the Siberian Province includes species that are 
referred to the Middle Cambrian fauna, and a few that may be tentatively 
assigned to the Lower Cambrian. Doctor von Toll has identified a number 
of genera of the Archzocyathine [von Toll, 1899, p. 53] that may occur in 
the upper portion of the Lower Cambrian terrane. The one species of Cos- 
cinocyathus from China, C. elvira Walcott, occurs in the Middle Cambrian, 
but this is a very small form and may have been a survival in Middle Cam- 
brian time of the large Archeocyathine fauna of late Lower Cambrian time. 
In North America the Archeocyathine flourished most abundantly in late 
Lower Cambrian time [Walcott, 18914, pp. 599-602, plates 50-55] on both the 
eastern and western sides of the continent. Von Toll lists from the Archeo- 
cyathus limestones of Torgoschino [von Toll, 1899, p. 53], in addition to 
sixteen species of the Archzeocyathine, two species of trilobites, Dorypyge 


1The geographic distribution of the Shan-tung, Manchuria, and Shan-si Cambrian rocks is shown by 
Willis [1907, vol. 1, plate 4]. 
