314 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
which several generically related species afford, I have adopted the plan of including 
the genus and species in a single description. 
The growth of Carnegiea bassleri is in small lenticular masses, having a slight 
thickness relative to their spread. One example, for instance, has a thickness of 
but 4 mm. and a diameter of 35 mm. ‘The structure is fine and dense and seems to 
be entirely without the lamellate appearance which gives this group its name. 
In transverse section the ccenosteum is seen to be made up of walls and aper- 
tures, both possessing a very irregular and tortuous pattern. ‘The walls are espe- 
cially vermicular and inosculated, giving off disconnected spurs and dividing the 
inclosed space into small separate apertures. The entire course of the walls seems 
to be made up of curves, and the outlines of the apertures are of course correspond- 
ingly curvilinear. The walls are relatively thick, and where projecting spurs are 
given off these often appear to be rounded and enlarged at the disconnected end, 
as if terminating in a pillar. Similar enlargements can be observed also in other 
portions of the walls. The zooidal apertures are nearly equal in size and the whole 
structure seems to be quite regular, but not infrequently several of the apertures are 
confluent, although the larger one thus formed is so tortuous that it fails to have this 
appearance in the tout ensemble of the section. Astrorhize appear to be entirely 
absent. 
In longitudinal section the skeleton is seen to be composed of continuous zooidal 
tubes and continuous walls, the latter being, as already shown in transverse section, 
relatively thick. The zooidal tubes are rather closely tabulate and the walls are 
perforated. The perforations are of unequal sizes and irregular distribution. It 
is without doubt owing to these interruptions in the radial walls that in cross- 
section two or more of the zooidal tubes appear to be connected into a single large 
vermicular one. Sometimes, owing perhaps to the influence of tabule and porous 
developments, the walls in longitudinal section have a nodose appearance, somewhat 
as in Stenopora. Of course the two genera are otherwise widely different and have 
different affinities. 
In the lower part of the coenosteum the zooidal tubes are narrow and bent 
inward toward the point of origin, as in colonies of compound corals and bryozoans. 
In this region the walls are thin and the pores and tabulez much less plentiful. 
This form appears to be but distantly related to those described from the Salt 
Range of India, and it presents more structural affinities with the older genus 
Stromatopora. From this, however, it is clearly distinguished by the pattern of 
the apertures and by the absence of astrorhize and of latilamine. The zooidal 
tubes and bounding walls are much more continuously and regularly developed, and 
the walls themselves apparently somewhat different in construction. They appear 
to be dense, and but for the local thickening, which may represent radial pillars, 
structureless. Carnegiea seems to belong to the Stromatoporide, but to be distinctly 
different from any of the genera at present assigned to that family. 
Locality and Horizon.—Pennsylvanian (Wu-shan limestone) ; near Liang-ho-k’6éu, 
East Ssi-ch’uan (station 7). 
Archeocidaris sp. 
In the Shan-tung cherts (station 59) a species of Archgocidaris occurs, repre- 
sented by molds of fragments of the characteristic spines. They are of very small 
size, round in cross-section, about 0.25 mm. in diameter, and covered with relatively 
large and closely set spinules, which are arranged in about eight longitudinal rows. 
Those in the same row are about 0.1 mm. apart. 
Locality and Horizon.—Pennsylvanian; near ‘Ts’ai-kia-chuang, Shan-tung 
(station 59). 
